Baltimore County v. Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation

421 A.2d 993, 47 Md. App. 88, 1980 Md. App. LEXIS 388
CourtCourt of Special Appeals of Maryland
DecidedNovember 7, 1980
DocketNo. 32
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 421 A.2d 993 (Baltimore County v. Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Special Appeals of Maryland primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Baltimore County v. Maryland Department of Assessments & Taxation, 421 A.2d 993, 47 Md. App. 88, 1980 Md. App. LEXIS 388 (Md. Ct. App. 1980).

Opinion

Thompson, J.,

delivered the opinion of the Court.

In this opinion we consider the availability of the declaratory judgment remedy in a case which is within the jurisdiction of the Maryland Tax Court.

THE LAW

Maryland’s Declaratory Judgment Act, set forth in Md. Cts. and Jud. Proc. Code Ann. §§ 3-401 — 3-415 (1974 Repl. Vol.) permits courts of record to declare rights, status and other legal relationships between persons if such declaration will terminate the controversy or remove an uncertainty, providing there is an actual controversy between the contending parties and the claims presented indicate imminent and inevitable litigation. Further limitation on the right to use this proceeding is contained in § 3-409 (b):

"Special form of remedy provided by statute — If a statute provides a special form of remedy for a specific type of case, that statutory remedy shall be followed in lieu of a proceeding under this subtitle.”

Under Md. Ann. Code, Art. 81, the legislature has set out a detailed statutory remedy for disputes involving the assessment of tangible personal property by the Department of Assessments and Taxation. The procedure is set forth in Art. 81, § 258 as follows:

"Any taxpayer, any city, the county commissioners of any county, or the Attorney General on behalf of the State, claiming to be aggrieved because of any final action taken by the Department with respect to ordinary taxes assessable by it in assessing or refusing to assess or in reassessing or refusing to reassess, classifying or refusing to classify, any property or computing any tax, or increasing, reducing or abating any assessment, may appeal to the Maryland Tax Court as provided in § 229 of this article. Such appeal shall be taken within thirty days from the date of the order, action [90]*90or refusal to act of the Department complained of, or if an address shall have been filed as provided in § 257 of this article, then within thirty days after the date of delivery or mailing (whichever is earlier) of a copy of such order, action or refusal to act to such address.”

The right of further appeal to the Circuit Court and thereafter to this Court is set forth in Art. 81, § 229 (m) and (p). In Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission v. Washington National Arena, 282 Md. 588, 386 A.2d 1216 (1978), the Court carefully reviewed these statutes saying in part:

"Thus, with certain notable exceptions not relevant here, we have repeatedly held that where a speciñc statutory remedy is available, it is mandatory for the court to dismiss the suit for declaratory judgment and remit the plaintiff to the alternative forum.” Id. at 595. (citations omitted) (emphasis added).
"When read together, the foregoing statutory provisions manifest a clear legislative intent to limit the jurisdiction of the tax agencies primarily to the review of decisions concerning the assessment, valuation and classification of real and personal property for tax purposes. Presumably, in enacting such an intricate and comprehensive mechanism for the review of property tax determinations, the General Assembly sought to afford the taxpaying public a systematic and efficient method of fact-finding and policy-formation in an area where many of the day-to-day problems of administration either lie beyond the conventional competence of the courts because of the technical complexity of the subject matter or, because of their routine nature, are not properly suited for resolution in formal adjudicatory proceedings. See Sawejka v. Morgan, 56 Wis. 2d 70, 201 N.W.2d 528, 533 (1972).
[91]*91"Thus, with rare exception, we have insisted that taxpayers pursue their statutory remedies under Article 81 whenever they attempt to challenge a decision as to the amount of an assessment, the valuation of property, or the applicability of the tax statutes to a particular parcel of land or to improvements thereon.” Id. at 597-98.1

In State Department of Assessments and Taxation v. Clark, 281 Md. 385, 403-04, 380 A.2d 28 (1977), the Court stated:

"We have indicated, supra, that when an administrative remedy is provided by statute, relief provided under those statutory provisions must be exhausted before a litigant may resort to the courts. That is, such a remedy is exclusive, and the administrative body must not be by-passed by pursuing other remedies. * * * The law on the matter was made clear in Poe [v. Baltimore City, 241 Md. 303, 216 A.2d 707 (1966).] It declared that where there is full opportunity for a property owner to protest an assessment to administrative agencies and adequate provisions for judicial review of the agencies’ action, a court shall not take jurisdiction unless the administrative remedies have been exhausted.”

Two exceptions to the rule requiring exhaustion of administrative remedies have” been recognized. The first exception permits an aggrieved party to seek judicial relief prior to the exhaustion of his administrative remedies where the constitutionality of the statute under which the administrative agency is acting is challenged. See, State Dept. of Assessments & Taxation v. Clark, supra; Pressman v. State Tax Commission, 204 Md. 78, 102 A.2d 821 (1954). As the Court made clear in Clark, this exception is applicable only where the constitutionality of the statute as a whole, as opposed to the constitutionality of the statute as [92]*92applied to a particular situation, is challenged. The second exception permits a party to eschew administrative resolution of a dispute where there exists no administrative remedy or where the administrative remedy provided is inadequate. See, Soley v. State Commission on Human Relations, 277 Md. 521, 356 A.2d 254 (1976); Poe v. Baltimore City, 241 Md. 303, 216 A.2d 707 (1966) and State Dept. of Assessments & Taxation v. Clark, supra.

FACTS

Md. Ann. Code, Art. 81, § 9A (d) (1) provides an exemption from county and city taxation for "raw materials and manufactured products in the possession of a manufacturer....” Prior to 1979, the State Department of Assessment & Taxation (SDAT) construed this exemption so as to include only raw materials and manufactured products, in the hands of a manufacturer which were actually manufactured in the county in which the exemption was sought. Accordingly, in certifying assessments of personal property to county governments pursuant to Md. Ann. Code, Art.

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Bluebook (online)
421 A.2d 993, 47 Md. App. 88, 1980 Md. App. LEXIS 388, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/baltimore-county-v-maryland-department-of-assessments-taxation-mdctspecapp-1980.