Bailes v. Be & K Construction

649 So. 2d 167, 1995 La. App. LEXIS 90
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJanuary 25, 1995
DocketNo. 26,528-CA
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 649 So. 2d 167 (Bailes v. Be & K Construction) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Bailes v. Be & K Construction, 649 So. 2d 167, 1995 La. App. LEXIS 90 (La. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

liMARVIN, Chief Judge.

In this worker’s compensation action the employer, BE & K Construction Company, appeals a judgment awarding Troy Bailes temporary total disability benefits for the period February-May 1993, the 12 percent statutory penalty and $3,000 in attorney fees. An award of rehabilitation services was also made but is not at issue on appeal. Bailes does not seek to increase the attorney fee award.

PREFACE

BE & K is an Alabama-based corporation which performs construction and maintenance work at paper mills throughout the United States. Bailes, an ironworker, was working for BE & K at the paper mill in Hodge, La., about 60 miles from Bailes’ home in Clarks, La., when he was injured in March 1992. BE & K paid Bailes w.c. benefits until February 1993, when Bailes declined BE & K’s offer of work within his doctor’s restrictions at a BE & K job site in Virginia. BE & K resumed paying benefits on May 20, 1993, after Bailes formally sought reinstatement of benefits.

BE & K contends the February-May 1993 benefits should be classified as supplemental earnings benefits (SEB) rather than TTD, but does not dispute the trial court’s finding that Bailes was owed compensation during that period.

BE & K seeks reversal of the penalty and attorney fee awards, claiming it acted reasonably, by industry standards, in terminating Bailes’ benefits when he declined BE & K’s offer of suitable out-of-state work.

RWe agree that the weekly benefits for February-May 1993 should be classified as SEB, in light of the fact that Bailes had reached maximum medical improvement in July 1992, according to his doctor. Ross v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 556 So.2d 891 (La.App.2d Cir.1990). The statutory allowance of a TTD award to a worker who is undergoing vocational rehabilitation (LRS 23:1226 F) does not avail Bailes because he did not receive rehabilitation services during the period at issue. We shall amend the [169]*169judgment to reclassify the weekly benefits as SEB.

We affirm the judgment as amended. The penalty and attorney fee awards are based on factual findings that cannot be deemed clearly wrong on this record. Ross, supra.

FACTS

Bailes, now age 47, injured his left knee on March 18, 1992. He continued working on “light duty” at the paper mill in Hodge for about two months, while receiving medical treatment for his injury, but stopped working after having knee surgery in May 1992. According to Bailes’ orthopedist, Dr. Scott McClelland, Bailes reached maximum medical improvement on July 22, 1992, with a 15 percent permanent impairment of his left knee. Dr. McClelland restricted Bailes from heavy lifting, squatting, kneeling and climbing, all of which he was required to do as an ironworker.

BE & K’s job in Hodge was completed before Bailes was released for restricted work. BE & K’s other job sites in Louisiana had no work suitable for an ironworker such as Bailes. BE & K continued to pay Bailes weekly benefits until February 1993, when Bailes declined BE & K’s offer of work as |3an ironworker, but within Dr. McClelland’s restrictions, at a job site in Covington, Virginia.

The Virginia job would have paid $14 per hour, a little more than the $13 hourly rate Bailes earned in Hodge. Several BE & K ironworkers who had worked in Hodge went to work in Virginia after the Hodge job was completed. Bailes had expressed an interest in the Virginia job to BE & K’s medical consultant, Linda Weatherly, shortly after his injury, subject to being released by his doctor. After his May 1992 knee surgery, however, Bailes told Weatherly he had reservations about being physically able to perform the work. These reservations were among the reasons Bailes gave at trial for declining BE & K’s February 1993 offer of work in Virginia. Other reasons, according to Bailes, were that BE & K did not disclose how much longer the Virginia job was expected to continue, and did not offer to pay Bailes’ transportation expenses to allow him a “trial period” of work.

Bailes sought reinstatement of his benefits in April 1993. The matter was initially submitted to a mediator, who recommended that BE & K resume paying benefits pending a decision by the worker’s compensation hearing officer (WCHO). Acting on this recommendation, BE & K reinstated benefits on May 20, 1993. Trial before the WCHO was held on July 9, 1993.

BE & K has a “modified duty” program, through which injured workers are returned to work within their doctor’s restrictions, either at the same job site, if the work is ongoing, or at another BE & K job site. As in Bailes’ case, BE & K first tries to locate modified work within the employee’s home state or in a neighboring state. If suitable work is not found in that limited area, pBE & K seeks to find work at its more distant job sites. BE & K has nationwide operations, with a high concentration of jobs in the south and along the east coast. The modified duty program is “company-wide,” and is not limited to the particular state or region in which the injured worker lives.

According to William Lowe, the manager of BE & K’s modified duty program, interstate travel to obtain work is common in the construction industry. When Bailes applied for work with BE & K in 1991, he listed prior jobs in Louisiana, Alaska, Georgia and Alabama, for the period 1987-1990, on his employment application. Lowe assumed but did not verify that Bailes lived in Louisiana throughout this period. Lowe reviewed the work history in Bailes’ application before offering him the job in Virginia.

Bañes grew up in North Louisiana and worked in oü fields for many years before he began doing ironwork in the 1980’s. Bañes moved from Columbia, Louisiana, to Columbia, Tennessee, in 1988, after accepting a job as an ironworker in that area. From 1988-1990, Bailes worked various jobs in northern and central Alabama. He drove from his Tennessee home to the job site each day, sometimes as much as 200 miles round trip. He did not work in Georgia or in Louisiana during this period, notwithstanding the contrary representations on his application with [170]*170BE & K, which Bailes said he made under the mistaken assumption that he was being asked to list the home office of the companies he had worked for in Alabama. The only time Bailes did not make daily commutes to a job site was when he worked in Alaska for a few months in 1987.

IsBailes testified he was willing to try any job his doctor approved for him. He feared, however, that the ironworker’s job in Virginia, which had ostensibly been modified to fit within Dr. McClelland’s restrictions as to lifting, squatting, kneeling and climbing, would actually require him to exceed those restrictions. According to Bailes, his superiors on the job in Hodge required him to perform tasks that exceeded his doctor’s restrictions, of which they were aware, while he was on “light duty” after his knee injury but before his surgery.

Lowe had no knowledge of such conduct, saying it would violate BE & K’s policy of strictly adhering to the medical restrictions placed on its injured workers. According to Lowe, the modified duty job in Virginia that Bailes declined was later accepted by an Oklahoma worker from the Virginia area who was subject to more stringent physical restrictions than was Bailes.

WCHO’S FINDINGS

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