Baesler v. Bell's

299 S.W.2d 605
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kentucky
DecidedDecember 7, 1956
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 299 S.W.2d 605 (Baesler v. Bell's) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kentucky primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Baesler v. Bell's, 299 S.W.2d 605 (Ky. Ct. App. 1956).

Opinion

MONTGOMERY, Judge.

Roberta B. Baesler, James Lee Bell, and Camilla Bell Foley appeal from a judgment of the circuit court overruling ' their exceptions filed to the first and final settlement of Mary Susan Elkins, as executrix of the estate of R. E. Bell, deceased. The exceptions questioned the payment by the executrix to herself, individually, of two items. The county court sustained the ■.exceptions. An appeal was prosecuted from that judgment to the circuit court.

R. E. Bell owned a small farm in Bourbon County on which he lived alone. Mary Susan Elkins, one of his daughters, and her husband lived in Wolfe County. In addition to the three appellants and appellee, Bell had one other child, a son, who is not a party to this action.

Bell and the Elkinses visited the office of an attorney well known to them in Campion on March 10, 1953. Bell advised the attorney that he desired that his daughter and her family move to Bourbon County. He disclosed two proposals that he had made: (1) he would sell to the Elkinses his farm for $12,000, reserving to himself joint occupancy of the house and crop rents, and he would exclude Mary Susan from his will; or (2) he would sell to the Elkinses the farm for $15,000, reserving the privileges mentioned before, and would devise to Mary Susan all of his livestock, farm machinery, auto, and a child’s part of the residue of his estate. The latter proposal was agreed to by the parties. A note was prepared for Bell in the sum of $15,000, which was signed by the Elkinses and delivered to him. At that time, Bell discovered that he had forgotten to bring his deed, and for that reason the transfer of the [607]*607xarm was delayed. The three of them left the law office, with the note in Bell’s possession.

On March 21, 1953, R. E. Bell and Mary Susan Elkins visited a lawyer’s office in Lexington. The parties advised the attorney of the transaction in Campion. Bell then requested the attorney to prepare the deed conveying the farm, a will in accordance with the agreement, naming appel-lee as executrix without bond, and an escrow agreement. He also advised that he did not desire the deed placed to record prior to his death because he did not want his other children to know what he was doing. The three writings were prepared by the attorney that day. They were executed and Bell delivered the papers to the trust officer of the Citizens Bank & Trust Company in Lexington, who accepted them.

A lis pendens notice was prepared by the attorney on March 24, 1953, which was filed in the Bourbon County Court on the following date, whereby notice was given that R. E. Bell had sold his property and that the bank was the escrow holder.

On April 4, 1953, Bell returned to the lawyer’s office in Lexington and asked for the office copy of the will. He stated his desire to have a new will prepared, which was done. This will excluded Mary Susan Elkins as a beneficiary but named her as executrix. The making of the second will was without the knowledge or consent of the Elkinses.

The testator died on June 8, 1953. Shortly before that time, the Elkinses had moved from Wolfe County to Lexington, where Bell had been living with them. The house on the farm had just been repaired, preparatory to their occupying it.

The second will was probated, and ap-pellee qualified as executrix. She collected the debts due the estate, reduced the assets to cash, and paid the indebtedness. Ap-pellee filed a claim against the estate by which she sought payment for the sale of cattle in the sum of $611.52 and for “Vsth int. in estate as damages” in the sum of $2,846.82. These are the only two items of the settlement which are before us on this appeal.

Appellee contends that she is due these two items under the contract to devise made with her father. Appellants urge that: (1) the evidence is insufficient to establish any contract; (2) such a contract is barred by the statute of frauds; (3) the executrix waived any claim against the estate when she qualified as such and proceeded to administer the estate; and (4) a probate court has no jurisdiction to fix damages.

The first two grounds urged for reversal will be considered together. Appellee and her husband could not testify concerning the contract. KRS 421.210(2). The Campion attorney testified fully concerning the circumstances prior to the agreement and the details of it. The Lexington attorney corroborated the details of the contract from what Bell had told him. Another Lexington attorney testified to the execution of the first will. A stenographer testified concerning the preparation and execution of the various papers concerned. The agreement was further proved by the note, deed, escrow agreement, lis pendens notice, and a copy of the first will.

An examination of the two proposals made by Bell shows that $12,000 was the value fixed on the farm, with certain reservations, while the additional $3,000 was the consideration for the promise of the testator to include Mary Susan Elkins in his will. The second proposal was accepted, and the $15,000 note was delivered to Bell as the consideration for the agreement as a whole.

A person is generally free to contract to leave property by a will to a particular person. An oral agreement based upon an adequate consideration to bequeath a share or all of an estate consisting of personalty is valid. The contract in question concerns personal property only, since there was a completed transfer of the farm. [608]*608Such a contract does not come within the statute of frauds. The proof of such a contract is to be weighed carefully and must be clear, convincing, and positive. Finn v. Finn’s Adm’r, Ky., 244 S.W.2d 435, and cases collected therein; 49 Am.Jur., Statute of Frauds, Section 216, page 541, The facts of this case, as proved, bring it within the rule of the Finn case. The proof here is of the required caliber and establishes an enforceable contract.

It is contended that the qualification of appellee as executrix was an election to take under the second will, which was inconsistent with her claim for breach of the contract to devise. The appellee, as executrix, administered the estate but was not a named beneficiary under the will probated. The qualification and action as executrix were not inconsistent with her claim for damages against the estate growing out of the breach of the contract to devise. In this respect, she was in the same position as any other creditor or claimant against the estate. The appointment of a creditor as administrator is authorized. KRS 395.040. As between strangers to the estate, the appointment of a creditor is preferred. Bennett v. Bennett’s Adm’r, 134 Ky. 444, 120 S.W. 372. Likewise, a creditor may be appointed as administrator with the will annexed. KRS 395.050.

The right of a personal representative of an estate to pay to one’s self a well-founded and reasonable personal claim based on contract has been recognized. Bailey’s Adm’r v. Hampton Grocery Co., 189 Ky. 261, 224 S.W. 1067; Dockins v. Vass, Ky., 124 S.W. 290; Saunders’ Heirs v. Saunders’ Ex'rs, 2 Litt. 314, 12 Ky. 314. See Annotation, 144 A.L.R. 940.

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299 S.W.2d 605, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/baesler-v-bells-kyctapp-1956.