Bacchi v. Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance

110 F. Supp. 3d 278, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 80551, 2015 WL 3833718
Procedural entryThis page is a short order in Bacchi v. Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance. Read the opinion of the Court — 110 F. Supp. 3d 270
District Court, D. Massachusetts·Decided June 22, 2015·No. Civil Action No. 12-cv-11280-DJC·Published

Opinion

[280]*280ORDER ON PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO COMPEL PRODUCTION OF NON-PRIVILEGED DOCUMENTS (# 65)

CABELL, United States Magistrate Judge.

Currently before the court is plaintiff Karen L. Bacchi’s (“the plaintiff’) Motion to Compel Production of Non-Privileged Discovery from defendant Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“Mass Mutual” or “the defendant”). (Dkt. 65.) Based upon the parties’ papers, the oral argument held on May 15, 2015 and the relevant case law, the plaintiffs motion is DENIED. The reasons for this ruling are set forth below.

I. Background

Ms. Bacchi is the sole named plaintiff in this class action suit by MassMutual policyholders who contend that Mass Mutual failed to distribute surplus funds to policyholders as required by law. Massachusetts law limits the “surplus” funds that a mutual life insurance company may retain from its “participating business” to “an amount not in excess of twelve percent of its reserve for such business ... and a margin of the market value of its securities over their book value.... ” M.G.L. c. 175, § 141. The amount that the defendant is permitted to retain is referred to as a “safety fund.” Id. The plaintiffs main contention is that the defendant improperly inflated its safety fund by manipulating certain component elements of the safety fund calculation. This allegedly allowed the defendant to retain funds that it otherwise would have been obligated to distribute to policyholders. (Dkt. No. 1.)

Following the onset of discovery, the defendant produced Bates stamped documents on a rolling basis between late 2013 and approximately March 2014. For any document the defendant deemed to be privileged, it redacted the privileged portion and produced the remainder of the document, including information sufficient to determine the date, author and recipient. (Dkt. No. 77.) The defendant also served with each production a privilege log which contained a Bates range, a privilege claim, and a brief explanation for the privilege claim for each document.

The plaintiff contends that many of the documents the defendant (partially or fully) withheld as privileged are in fact not privileged and should have been fully produced. She asks that the Court order the defendant to produce these documents, or provide them to the Court or a special master for an in camera review. (Dkt. Nos. 65-66.) She also asks that the Court order the defendant to amend its interrogatory responses and provide additional deposition testimony. (Id.)

II. Did Mass Mutual Improperly Withhold Non-Privileged Business DOCUMENTS?

A. Facts

The plaintiff argues that the defendant improperly designated as privileged certain documents which contained only business, financial or accounting advice and which, accordingly, should have been disclosed as non-privileged. The plaintiff narrowed the focus of this claim at oral argument to approximately 200 documents of particular interest. The documents at issue fall into three broad categories: 1) spreadsheets and other documents containing safety fund calculations; 2) documents related to a 1998 Legal Department review undertaken to identify “participating” businesses at that term is defined in the relevant statute; and 3) documents explaining the defendant’s rationale for calculating the market value over book value in the way it did. (Dkt. No. 66.)

[281]*281 1.Safety Fund Calculations

In an attempt to narrow the issues before the Court, the defendant produced before the May 15th hearing unredacted versions of its safety fund calculation spreadsheets. However, the parties continue to dispute whether the defendant may withhold the handwritten notes of its in-house attorney, William Fisher, taken during committee meetings where the safety fund calculations were discussed. The notes are described on the defendant’s privilege log as containing “a request for legal advice ... as well as legal advice rendered....” (Dkt. No. 100; Ex. 1.) The plaintiff argues that because these notes are the only documents produced related to the committee meetings, they should be viewed as committee meeting notes (rather than attorney notes) and accordingly should be produced as non-privileged. The plaintiff also suggests (without quite arguing) that other committee meeting documents may in fact exist but just may not have been produced.

The defendant responds that it has already produced all non-privileged documents in its possession, custody or control that contain safety fund calculations. The defendant says it has not produced any non-privileged notes from the committee meetings because no such documents exist. (Dkt. No. 77.)

2.Participating and NonParticipating Business Analysis

In 1998, when the defendant first began providing annual safety fund calculations to the Massachusetts Division of Insurance, the defendant’s in-house attorneys conducted a review of the company’s business lines to make an initial determination as to which business lines should be treated as “participating” versus “non-participating” as those terms are defined in the relevant statute. The plaintiff argues that this review did not involve any legal analysis or advice, which means that the defendant’s in-house attorneys were acting in a non-legal capacity at the time, which means that their work should be treated as non-privileged. (Dkt. No. 66.) The defendant responds that it has already produced documents that explain which business lines it treats as participating versus nonparticipating, and has withheld only those documents that actually do contain legal analysis. (Dkt. No. 77.)

3.Market Value Over Book Value Calculations

One of the calculations that may be relevant in determining the amount of surplus funds that can be retained is the “market value over book value” calculation. The defendant has produced documents and served interrogatory responses that explain the specific steps it took to calculate market value over book value, including which securities it included in the definition. The plaintiff contends in essence that, while this discovery helps to explain how the defendant performed the calculation, it does not explain why the defendant performed the calculation the way it did. She argues that the market value over book value calculation involves arcane accounting principles and that the defendant should thus be required to produce the underlying legal analysis used to determine its specific methodology. (Dkt. No. 66.)

B. Analysis

The attorney client privilege protects confidential communications between an attorney and a client for the purposes of obtaining legal advice. U.S. v. Bay State Ambulance and Hosp. Rental Serv., Inc., 874 F.2d 20, 27-28 (1st Cir.1989). The defendant, as the party advancing the claim of privilege, has the burden of establishing each element of the privilege. Sa[282]*282voy v. Richard A. Carrier Trucking, Inc., 178 F.R.D. 346, 351 (D.Mass.1998). Generally, a privilege claim is made by serving a privilege log that separately lists each document, specifies who created the document and all recipients, and concisely states the basis for the claim of privilege. Horace Mann Ins. Co. v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 240 F.R.D.

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Bacchi v. Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance, 110 F. Supp. 3d 278, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 80551, 2015 WL 3833718 (D. Mass. 2015).

110 F. Supp. 3d 278 (Bacchi v. Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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