In The
Court of Appeals Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont ____________________
NO. 09-16-00124-CV ____________________
AUTUMN BONIFAZI, Appellant
V.
GARY MICHAEL BIRCH, Appellee __________________________________________________________________
On Appeal from the 418th District Court Montgomery County, Texas Trial Cause No. 10-03-02210-CV __________________________________________________________________
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Appellant Autumn Bonifazi 1 complains that the trial court erred in
dismissing this case rather than reinstating it pursuant to this Court’s mandate. See
Bonifazi v. Birch, No. 09-14-00136-CV, 2015 WL 8476572, at *3 (Tex. App.—
Beaumont Dec. 10, 2015, no pet.) (mem. op.). We agree that the trial court was
obligated to enforce our mandate in cause number 09-14-00136-CV, but the record
shows that the trial court did so by providing Bonifazi with notice of its intent to
1 The record shows that Autumn Bonifazi is also known as Autumn Birch. 1 dismiss her case and by conducting a hearing on her motion to retain, allowing
Bonifazi an opportunity to address the merits of the dismissal. Because the record
shows that the trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying Bonifazi’s motion
to retain and by dismissing her case, we overrule Bonifazi’s sole issue and affirm
the trial court’s order of dismissal.
Background
On December 10, 2015, this Court reversed the trial court’s order dismissing
Bonifazi’s petition to modify the parent-child relationship. Bonifazi did not receive
notice of the dismissal hearing prior to the trial court dismissing her case, and she
did not receive an oral hearing on her motion to reinstate. See id. at **2-3. Because
the trial court denied Bonifazi the opportunity to be heard on the merits of the trial
court’s dismissal of her case, this Court issued a mandate, reversing the trial
court’s order of dismissal and ordering that the cause be remanded to the trial court
for further proceedings consistent with this Court’s opinion.
The trial court conducted a hearing on March 11, 2016. During the hearing,
the trial court noted that on November 7, 2013, both parties were present with their
attorneys in front of Judge Robin and the parties put an agreement on the record.
Judge Robin accepted the agreement and reset the parties to appear on November
21, 2013, to enter the modification order that Bonifazi’s attorney agreed to prepare.
2 The record shows that Bonifazi’s attorney admitted that he failed to appear on
November 21 to submit a modification order for the Court’s signature. Although
Bonifazi’s attorney claimed that he did not have notice of the November 21
hearing, the transcript from the November 7 hearing shows that Judge Robin told
Bonifazi and her attorney that the modification order was set for entry on
November 21 at 9:00 a.m., and that “[i]f everybody signs off, you don’t have to be
here. If you don’t sign off and there are issues about drafting, then y’all need to be
here on the 21st.” Bonifazi’s attorney represented to the trial court that he had “no
recollection of that appearance and certainly would not have represented anything
to the contrary to this court or any other court had I recalled that.”
Judge Robin then reset the hearing to December 2. Bonifazi’s attorney also
failed to appear at this hearing, and represented to the trial court that he did not
think he needed to appear since he had signed the enforcement order which had
already been approved. The trial judge stated that Bonifazi’s attorney’s explanation
“certainly suggests, in my mind, to the Court that you didn’t have any interest in
getting any other orders signed.” Again, Bonifazi’s attorney claimed to “have no
recollection of that notice of entry or I certainly would have been here and that’s
obviously my error.” The trial court set Bonifazi’s case for entry or dismissal on
December 9, and when Bonifazi and her attorney failed to appear for the third
3 time, the trial court dismissed her case. Bonifazi’s attorney filed a motion to
reinstate on January 7, 2014. The trial court’s file indicates that the court’s
coordinator contacted Bonifazi’s attorney and left a voicemail stating that the
motion to reinstate was set for a hearing on February 6, 2014; however, Bonifazi’s
attorney claimed that he did not receive the message and had no notice of the
hearing. Bonifazi’s attorney admitted that he made no attempt to get a hearing date
after he filed his motion to reinstate. After hearing Bonifazi’s attorney’s
explanation, the court dismissed Bonifazi’s case for want of prosecution without
prejudice.
The trial court issued findings of fact and conclusions of law. The trial court
found that Bonifazi’s attorney was supposed to draft a modification order and that
Bonifazi and her attorney were instructed that if everyone had not signed off on the
proposed order, they were to appear on November 21. The trial court found that no
orders were submitted to the Court on November 21. The trial court further found
that no proposed order in the modification case was submitted to the Court on
December 2 or December 9. The trial court concluded that Bonifazi did not
prosecute her case with due diligence and that there were no excuses for the failure
of Bonifazi or her attorney to submit a proposed order signed by all attorneys or
parties pursuant to the agreement reached on November 7. Bonifazi appeals the
4 trial court’s order dismissing her case for want of prosecution, complaining that the
trial court erred by denying her motion to reinstate.
Analysis
We review a trial court’s ruling on a motion to reinstate following dismissal
for want of prosecution for abuse of discretion. See Smith v. Babcock & Wilcox
Constr. Co., Inc., 913 S.W.2d 467, 468 (Tex. 1995). A trial court abuses its
discretion if it acts without reference to any guiding rules or principles. Welborn v.
Ferrell Enters., Inc., 376 S.W.3d 902, 906 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2012, no pet.).
When reviewing the trial court’s decision on a motion to reinstate, we consider the
entire record, including the findings of fact and conclusions of law and the
procedural history of the case as reflected in the record. Preslar v. Garcia, No. 03-
13-00449-CV, 2014 WL 824201, at *1 (Tex. App.—Austin Feb. 26, 2014, no pet.)
(mem. op.).
A trial court may dismiss for want of prosecution pursuant to Rule 165a of
the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure for two reasons: (1) failure to appear, or (2)
failure to comply with the Supreme Court time standards. See Tex. R. Civ. P.
165a(1), (2). Additionally, subdivision four of Rule 165a provides that the trial
court has inherent power to dismiss a case for want of prosecution. See Villarreal
v. San Antonio Truck & Equip., 994 S.W.2d 628, 630 (Tex. 1999) (“[T]he common
5 law vests the trial court with the inherent power to dismiss independently of the
rules of procedure when a plaintiff fails to prosecute his or her case with due
diligence.”); see also Tex. R. Civ. P. 165a(4). Before a trial court may dismiss a
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In The
Court of Appeals Ninth District of Texas at Beaumont ____________________
NO. 09-16-00124-CV ____________________
AUTUMN BONIFAZI, Appellant
V.
GARY MICHAEL BIRCH, Appellee __________________________________________________________________
On Appeal from the 418th District Court Montgomery County, Texas Trial Cause No. 10-03-02210-CV __________________________________________________________________
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Appellant Autumn Bonifazi 1 complains that the trial court erred in
dismissing this case rather than reinstating it pursuant to this Court’s mandate. See
Bonifazi v. Birch, No. 09-14-00136-CV, 2015 WL 8476572, at *3 (Tex. App.—
Beaumont Dec. 10, 2015, no pet.) (mem. op.). We agree that the trial court was
obligated to enforce our mandate in cause number 09-14-00136-CV, but the record
shows that the trial court did so by providing Bonifazi with notice of its intent to
1 The record shows that Autumn Bonifazi is also known as Autumn Birch. 1 dismiss her case and by conducting a hearing on her motion to retain, allowing
Bonifazi an opportunity to address the merits of the dismissal. Because the record
shows that the trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying Bonifazi’s motion
to retain and by dismissing her case, we overrule Bonifazi’s sole issue and affirm
the trial court’s order of dismissal.
Background
On December 10, 2015, this Court reversed the trial court’s order dismissing
Bonifazi’s petition to modify the parent-child relationship. Bonifazi did not receive
notice of the dismissal hearing prior to the trial court dismissing her case, and she
did not receive an oral hearing on her motion to reinstate. See id. at **2-3. Because
the trial court denied Bonifazi the opportunity to be heard on the merits of the trial
court’s dismissal of her case, this Court issued a mandate, reversing the trial
court’s order of dismissal and ordering that the cause be remanded to the trial court
for further proceedings consistent with this Court’s opinion.
The trial court conducted a hearing on March 11, 2016. During the hearing,
the trial court noted that on November 7, 2013, both parties were present with their
attorneys in front of Judge Robin and the parties put an agreement on the record.
Judge Robin accepted the agreement and reset the parties to appear on November
21, 2013, to enter the modification order that Bonifazi’s attorney agreed to prepare.
2 The record shows that Bonifazi’s attorney admitted that he failed to appear on
November 21 to submit a modification order for the Court’s signature. Although
Bonifazi’s attorney claimed that he did not have notice of the November 21
hearing, the transcript from the November 7 hearing shows that Judge Robin told
Bonifazi and her attorney that the modification order was set for entry on
November 21 at 9:00 a.m., and that “[i]f everybody signs off, you don’t have to be
here. If you don’t sign off and there are issues about drafting, then y’all need to be
here on the 21st.” Bonifazi’s attorney represented to the trial court that he had “no
recollection of that appearance and certainly would not have represented anything
to the contrary to this court or any other court had I recalled that.”
Judge Robin then reset the hearing to December 2. Bonifazi’s attorney also
failed to appear at this hearing, and represented to the trial court that he did not
think he needed to appear since he had signed the enforcement order which had
already been approved. The trial judge stated that Bonifazi’s attorney’s explanation
“certainly suggests, in my mind, to the Court that you didn’t have any interest in
getting any other orders signed.” Again, Bonifazi’s attorney claimed to “have no
recollection of that notice of entry or I certainly would have been here and that’s
obviously my error.” The trial court set Bonifazi’s case for entry or dismissal on
December 9, and when Bonifazi and her attorney failed to appear for the third
3 time, the trial court dismissed her case. Bonifazi’s attorney filed a motion to
reinstate on January 7, 2014. The trial court’s file indicates that the court’s
coordinator contacted Bonifazi’s attorney and left a voicemail stating that the
motion to reinstate was set for a hearing on February 6, 2014; however, Bonifazi’s
attorney claimed that he did not receive the message and had no notice of the
hearing. Bonifazi’s attorney admitted that he made no attempt to get a hearing date
after he filed his motion to reinstate. After hearing Bonifazi’s attorney’s
explanation, the court dismissed Bonifazi’s case for want of prosecution without
prejudice.
The trial court issued findings of fact and conclusions of law. The trial court
found that Bonifazi’s attorney was supposed to draft a modification order and that
Bonifazi and her attorney were instructed that if everyone had not signed off on the
proposed order, they were to appear on November 21. The trial court found that no
orders were submitted to the Court on November 21. The trial court further found
that no proposed order in the modification case was submitted to the Court on
December 2 or December 9. The trial court concluded that Bonifazi did not
prosecute her case with due diligence and that there were no excuses for the failure
of Bonifazi or her attorney to submit a proposed order signed by all attorneys or
parties pursuant to the agreement reached on November 7. Bonifazi appeals the
4 trial court’s order dismissing her case for want of prosecution, complaining that the
trial court erred by denying her motion to reinstate.
Analysis
We review a trial court’s ruling on a motion to reinstate following dismissal
for want of prosecution for abuse of discretion. See Smith v. Babcock & Wilcox
Constr. Co., Inc., 913 S.W.2d 467, 468 (Tex. 1995). A trial court abuses its
discretion if it acts without reference to any guiding rules or principles. Welborn v.
Ferrell Enters., Inc., 376 S.W.3d 902, 906 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2012, no pet.).
When reviewing the trial court’s decision on a motion to reinstate, we consider the
entire record, including the findings of fact and conclusions of law and the
procedural history of the case as reflected in the record. Preslar v. Garcia, No. 03-
13-00449-CV, 2014 WL 824201, at *1 (Tex. App.—Austin Feb. 26, 2014, no pet.)
(mem. op.).
A trial court may dismiss for want of prosecution pursuant to Rule 165a of
the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure for two reasons: (1) failure to appear, or (2)
failure to comply with the Supreme Court time standards. See Tex. R. Civ. P.
165a(1), (2). Additionally, subdivision four of Rule 165a provides that the trial
court has inherent power to dismiss a case for want of prosecution. See Villarreal
v. San Antonio Truck & Equip., 994 S.W.2d 628, 630 (Tex. 1999) (“[T]he common
5 law vests the trial court with the inherent power to dismiss independently of the
rules of procedure when a plaintiff fails to prosecute his or her case with due
diligence.”); see also Tex. R. Civ. P. 165a(4). Before a trial court may dismiss a
case for want of prosecution under either Rule 165a or its inherent authority, it
must provide a party with notice and an opportunity to be heard. Villarreal, 994
S.W.2d at 630.
Due process concerns are satisfied by providing a party with the order of
dismissal and then subsequently giving the party an opportunity to address the
merits of the dismissal at a hearing. Durbin v. Muchow, 309 S.W.3d 758, 761 (Tex.
App.—Beaumont 2010, no pet.). We note that the trial court’s failure to comply
with the notice and hearings requirements of Rule 165a the first time it dismissed
Bonifazi’s case did not require the trial court to reinstate the case. See Franklin v.
Sherman Indep. Sch. Dist., 53 S.W.3d 398, 404 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2001, pet.
denied). It only required that Bonifazi be afforded essentially the same hearing
after dismissal that she should have received prior to dismissal. See id. The record
shows that Bonifazi was provided with notice of the trial court’s intent to dismiss
and an opportunity to be heard. Therefore, the record supports the trial court’s
finding that “this Court reinstated the case and on February 23, 2016, issued a
Notice of Intent to Dismiss with a hearing set for March 11, 2016 at 9:00 a.m.”
6 The complaining party has the burden to bring forth a record to support its
contention of due diligence. See Tex. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Olivas, 323 S.W.3d 266, 274
(Tex. App.—El Paso 2010, no pet.); Preslar, 2014 WL 824201, at *1. During the
hearing on Bonifazi’s motion to reinstate, Bonifazi’s attorney failed to provide a
reasonable explanation for his delay in presenting the proposed modification order
to the court. See Keough v. Cyrus USA, Inc., 204 S.W.3d 1, 5 (Tex. App.—
Houston [14th Dist.] 2006, pet. denied). The trial court emphasized that it had
made four different attempts to get Bonifazi’s agreed modification order entered,
and concluded that Bonifazi did not prosecute her case with due diligence and that
there were no excuses for the failure of Bonifazi or her attorney to submit a
proposed order signed by all attorneys or parties pursuant to the Rule 11 agreement
reached on November 7.
While Bonifazi contends in her motion to retain that the trial court’s file
reflects that she filed a proposed modification order on January 17, 2014, and on
March 4, 2016, the clerk’s record does not support Bonifazi’s contention. The
clerk’s record contains a computer printout from the trial court’s management
system, and there are no comments on those dates indicating that Bonifazi filed a
proposed modification order. Additionally, the record does not contain a copy of
any proposed modification order. As stated above, it was Bonifazi’s burden to
7 bring forth a record to support her contention of due diligence, and the failure to
submit a proposed modification order to the trial court for entry, despite the trial
court providing several opportunities to do so, reflects a lack of diligence in
prosecuting her case. See Olivas, 323 S.W.3d at 274; Preslar, 2014 WL 824201, at
*1.
Given the history of the case, Bonifazi’s failure to submit a proposed
modification order to the trial judge for entry, and her failure to provide a
reasonable explanation for her delay in presenting a proposed order, we hold that
Bonifazi has failed to produce evidence showing that she diligently prosecuted her
case. See Welborn, 376 S.W.3d at 907-08. In addition, we conclude that the trial
court acted in accordance with guiding rules and principles in reaching its decision.
See id. at 906. We further conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion
in dismissing Bonifazi’s case under its inherent authority to dismiss a case not
prosecuted with due diligence. See Villarreal, 994 S.W.2d at 630. We overrule
Bonifazi’s sole issue and affirm the trial court’s order dismissing Bonifazi’s case
for want of prosecution.
AFFIRMED.
______________________________ STEVE McKEITHEN Chief Justice
8 Submitted on September 6, 2016 Opinion Delivered December 15, 2016
Before McKeithen, C.J., Kreger and Johnson, JJ.