Ashby v. Quiros

CourtDistrict Court, D. Connecticut
DecidedFebruary 3, 2020
Docket3:19-cv-01370
StatusUnknown

This text of Ashby v. Quiros (Ashby v. Quiros) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Connecticut primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ashby v. Quiros, (D. Conn. 2020).

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF CONNECTICUT

LAZALE ASHBY, : Plaintiff, : : v. : No. 3:19-cv-1370 (SRU) : ANGEL QUIROS, et al., : Defendants. :

INITIAL REVIEW ORDER On September 4, 2019, Lazale Ashby (“Ashby”), an inmate currently confined at the Northern Correctional Institution (“NCI”) in Connecticut, brought a complaint pro se and in forma pauperis under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 challenging his conditions of confinement pursuant to the United States Constitution’s Eighth Amendment prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment, the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment, and the Ex Post Facto and Bill of Attainder Clauses of Article I, Section 10. Compl., Doc. No. 1.1 Ashby’s complaint brings suit against former and current prison officials, in their individual and official capacities, Angel Quiros, Scott Semple, James Dzurenda, Leo Arnone, Theresa Lantz, Brian Murphy, Edward Maldonado, William Mulligan, William Faneouf,2 Nick Rodriguez, Anne Cournoyer, Jeffrey McGill, Suzanne Ducate, Richard Furey, Mark Frayne, Gerard Gagne, and Giuliana Mudano.3 Ashby also describes Robert Pettinger, a psychiatrist retained by NCI, as

1 Ashby’s complaint is missing pages 5, 9, and 10, which likely contain descriptions of defendants Arnone, Cournoyer, McGill, Mudano, and Ducate, who are either former or current prison officials at NCI or DOC. I may take judicial notice of relevant matters of public record. See Giraldo v. Kessler, 694 F.3d 161, 164 (2d Cir. 2012); see also Coleman v. Blanchette, 2012 WL 3822022, at *1 (D. Conn. Sept. 24, 2012) (describing Ducate as principal psychiatrist for DOC); “About Us,” available at https://portal.ct.gov/DOC (listing current and former DOC Commissioners and wardens of NCI). 2 Ashby may be referring to William Faneuff, who has served as a warden for DOC. See “Hartford Correctional Center,” available at https://portal.ct.gov/DOC/Facility/Hartford-CC. 3 According to the State of Connecticut Department of Correction website, Lantz served as Commissioner of DOC from 2003–09; Arnone served as the Commissioner from 2010–13; Dzurenda served as the Commissioner from 2013–14; Semple served as Commissioner from 2014–18; Brian Murphy served as Deputy Commissioner from a defendant even though Ashby does not list Pettinger in the case caption. Id. at ¶ 23. Ashby seeks injunctive relief and compensatory and punitive damages. For the following reasons, I conclude that Ashby has stated plausible violations of the Eighth Amendment, Fourteenth Amendment Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses, and Ex Post Facto and Bill of Attainder

Clauses of Article I, Section 10. However, I will dismiss claims based on allegations that are barred by the relevant statute of limitations. I. Complaint Ashby is a 34-year old prisoner who has been in solitary confinement at NCI since 2004. Compl., Doc. No. 1, at ¶¶ 5, 97. He is classified as an inmate with mental illness. Id. at ¶ 26. On September 3, 2003, Ashby was arrested and charged with felony murder. Id. at ¶ 29. Defendants Lantz, Murphy, and Ducate transferred Ashby to NCI as a pretrial detainee on October 20, 2004. Id. at ¶ 41. He alleges that NCI is “designed and created to punish and house inmates by putting them in solitary confinement.” Id. at ¶ 47. At NCI, defendants Lantz, Murphy, Ducate, and Furey knew Ashby was a pretrial detainee with mental health issues but

placed him in Chronic Discipline Restrictive Housing without affording him a pre- or post- placement hearing. Id. at ¶¶ 51–59. Ashby completed the Chronic Discipline Program. Id. at ¶ 60. Lantz, Murphy, Ducate, and Furey placed Ashby in the Administrative Segregation Program at NCI without affording him a pre- or post-deprivation hearing. Id. at ¶¶ 62–63. After completing the Administrative Segregation Program, defendants Lantz, Murphy, Ducate, and

2003–09; Dzurenda served as Deputy Commissioner from 2010–13; Semple served as Deputy Commissioner from 2013–2014; McGill served as NCI Warden from 2006–09; Angel Quiros served as NCI Warden from 2009–11; Maldonado served as NCI Warden from 2011–14; Cournoyer served as Warden from 2014–16; William Mulligan served as NCI Warden from 2016–17; Rodriguez served as NCI Warden from 2017–19; and Mudano is the current NCI Warden. See “Commissioners,” available at https://portal.ct.gov/DOC/History/History-Commissioners; “Deputy Commissioners,” available at https://portal.ct.gov/DOC/History/History-Deputy-Commissioners; “Northern Correctional Institution,” available at https://portal.ct.gov/DOC/Facility/Northern-CI. Furey did not allow Ashby to go into general population but made him stay in restrictive housing on “Extended Review” or “Special Needs” status. Id. at ¶¶ 67–72. Ashby did not receive a hearing with regard to that placement. Id. at ¶ 71. Ashby was found guilty on two counts of capital felony murder in 2007, and he received

a sentence of the death penalty in 2008. Id. at ¶¶ 74–75, 109. He was then sent to death row restrictive housing solitary confinement at NCI. Id. at ¶ 74–75. Ashby alleges that his mental health deteriorated in death row restrictive housing and that defendants Murphy, Frayne, Gagne and Pettinger ignored his requests for help. Id. at ¶¶ 77, 90. He asserts that defendants Lantz, Murphy, Ducate, Furey, Frayne, Gagne, Pettinger, McGill, Maldonado, Quiros, Semple, Dzurenda, Arnone, Mulligan, Faneouf, Cournoyer, and Rodriguez failed to hire sufficient staff to provide adequate treatment to mentally ill inmates. Id. at ¶ 94. On April 25, 2012, Connecticut enacted a prospective repeal of the death penalty, now codified at Connecticut General Statutes § 18-10b(a).4 Id. at ¶ 112. That statute directs the Commissioner to “place an inmate on special circumstances high security status and house the

inmate in administrative segregation until a reclassification process is completed[,]” and it applies to prisoners who had been sentenced to death prior to April 25, 2012, and whose sentences were either “(A) reduced to a sentence of life imprisonment without the possibility of release by a court of competent jurisdiction, or (B) commuted to a sentence of life imprisonment without the possibility of release.” Id. at ¶ 113, Conn. Gen. Stat. § 18-10b(a), Ex. Z to Compl., Doc. No. 1. Ashby alleges that the minimum conditions set forth in Section 18-10b require solitary confinement and extreme isolation, elements that were not included as part of the statutory penalty for capital felony murder when he committed it. Id. at ¶ 114.

4 See Webb v. Arnone, 2018 WL 3651333, at *1 (D. Conn. Aug. 1, 2018) (discussing Section 18-10b(a)). On June 20, 2018, Ashby was resentenced to life without possibility of release. Id. at ¶ 119. Ashby was then placed on “special circumstances high security” status. Id. at ¶ 123. Ashby alleges that defendants Semple, Maldonado, Faneouf, Dzurenda, Quiros, Arnone, Mulligan, Rodriguez, Cournoyer, and Mudano continued to place him on “special circumstances

high security” status despite his requests and grievances asserting that the imposition of Section 18-10b was unconstitutional. Id. at ¶ 123. Ashby alleges that he has exhausted his administrative remedies. Id. at ¶ 25. In his first count, Ashby alleges violation of the Fourteenth and Eighth Amendments based on indefinite punishment of solitary confinement. Id. at ¶¶ 148–58. Ashby alleges, inter alia, that his permanent confinement—with its extreme social isolation and lack of adequate medical and mental health care, sunlight, and exercise—constitutes deprivation of basic human needs and imposes serious psychological and physical injury, pain, and suffering. Id. at ¶¶ 150– 52.

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Ashby v. Quiros, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ashby-v-quiros-ctd-2020.