Affirmed; Opinion Filed January 18, 2018.
In The Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas No. 05-17-00068-CR
ARMINIUS DEJUAN JONES, Appellant V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 194th Judicial District Court Dallas County, Texas Trial Court Cause No. F15-34452-M
MEMORANDUM OPINION Before Justices Bridges, Myers, and Schenck Opinion by Justice Myers Arminius Dejuan Jones appeals from a judgment adjudicating guilt after he was placed
on deferred adjudication community supervision for the offense of aggravated assault with a
deadly weapon. In two issues, he contends the trial court abused its discretion because the State
failed to prove he committed two new criminal offenses and the pleas of “true” were entered
involuntarily because of the ineffective assistance of counsel. We affirm.
BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Appellant pleaded guilty to aggravated assault with a deadly weapon, pursuant to a
negotiated plea bargain agreement. The trial court accepted the plea, deferred adjudication, and
placed appellant on community supervision for a period of five years. The State subsequently
filed a motion to proceed with an adjudication of guilt, alleging appellant violated various
conditions of his community supervision. Appellant pleaded “not true” to the violation of condition (a), which alleged he committed two new criminal offenses, i.e., possession of
marijuana and unlawful carrying of a weapon. He pleaded “true” to the other alleged violations:
(b) testing positive for THC, which is the active ingredient in marijuana; (h) failing to pay court
costs and fines; (i) failing to pay community supervision fees; (k) failing to pay Crime Stoppers
as ordered by the court; (l) failing to complete his community service hours; (n) failing to pay the
urinalysis fee; (p) failing to participate in an anger management program; (r) failing to participate
in the GED program and provide proof of attendance; and (w) failing to participate in a Safe
Neighborhood Training session. After an evidentiary hearing, the trial court accepted the pleas
of “true,” granted the State’s motion, and sentenced appellant to fifteen years’ imprisonment.
Appellant filed a motion for new trial alleging his pleas of true were not knowing or voluntary
because of the ineffective assistance of counsel. Following an evidentiary hearing, the trial court
denied that motion.
DISCUSSION
1. Adjudication of Guilt
In his first issue, appellant argues the trial court abused its discretion by proceeding to
adjudication because the State failed to prove he violated condition “a” by committing two new
criminal offenses. Appellant, however, pleaded true to the other alleged violations of his
community supervision. A plea of true, standing alone, is sufficient to support revocation of
community supervision. See Cole v. State, 578 S.W.2d 127, 128 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.]
1979); Walker v. State, No. 05–16–00267–CR, 2016 WL 5851885, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas
Sept. 30, 2016, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication). And a single violation of the
terms of community supervision is sufficient to support the trial court’s decision to proceed to
adjudication. See Garcia v. State, 387 S.W.3d 20, 26 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012); McCollum v.
State, No. 05–15–01056–CR, 2016 WL 8115929, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas Oct. 27, 2016, no
–2– pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication). Any one of the allegations to which appellant
pleaded true would, on its own, support the trial court’s adjudication of guilt. Accordingly, we
overrule appellant’s first issue.
2. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
In his second issue, appellant contends the trial court abused its discretion by proceeding
to adjudication because appellant’s pleas of “true” were entered involuntarily due to the
ineffective assistance of counsel.
We review a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel under well-established standards.
See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687–88, 694 (1984); Bone v. State, 77 S.W.3d 828,
833 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002). Appellant must show by a preponderance of the evidence that
counsel’s representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness and there is a
reasonable probability the results of the proceedings would have been different in the absence of
counsel’s errors. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687–88; Bone, 77 S.W.3d at 833; Thompson v. State, 9
S.W.3d 808, 813 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). A reasonable probability is a probability sufficient to
undermine confidence in the outcome of the proceeding. Thompson, 9 S.W.3d at 812. The fact
another attorney might have pursued a different course of action does not necessarily indicate
ineffective assistance. See Hawkins v. State, 660 S.W.2d 65, 75 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983);
Hinshaw v. State, No. 05–08–01235–CR, 2010 WL 1818057, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas May 7,
2010, pet. ref’d) (not designated for publication).
Because the trial court ruled on appellant’s ineffective assistance claim by denying his
motion for new trial after a hearing, we review this claim under an abuse of discretion standard.
See Cueva v. State, 339 S.W.3d 839, 857 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 2011, pet. ref’d); State v.
Gill, 967 S.W.2d 540, 542 (Tex. App.––Austin 1998, pet. ref’d); Hinshaw, 2010 WL 1818057, at
*2. We reverse only if the trial court’s ruling was clearly erroneous and arbitrary. Okonkwo v.
–3– State, 398 S.W.3d 689, 694 (Tex. Crim. App. 2013). A trial court abuses its discretion if no
reasonable view of the record could support its ruling. Id. This requires us to view the evidence
in the light most favorable to the trial court’s ruling. Id. In the absence of express findings, as
here, we presume the trial court made all findings, express and implied, in favor of the prevailing
party. Id.
At the hearing on the motion for new trial, appellant presented testimony from his
grandmother, mother, and himself. Lynn Cruthers, appellant’s grandmother, testified that when
she spoke to appellant’s trial counsel prior to the adjudication hearing, she was told appellant
would be facing only about six months in jail, and that defense counsel never explained that it
was possible the trial court could send appellant to the penitentiary for a lengthy period of time.
Appellant’s mother, Alice Rogers, similarly testified that counsel said the outcome of the case
would be a sentence of three to six months or rehabilitation, and that counsel never said there
was a possibility appellant could be sent to the penitentiary.
Appellant testified that he only pleaded true to the violations of the conditions of his
community supervision because he believed that, based on trial counsel’s assurances, he would
receive no more than six months in jail or rehabilitation. He said counsel never explained that,
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Affirmed; Opinion Filed January 18, 2018.
In The Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas No. 05-17-00068-CR
ARMINIUS DEJUAN JONES, Appellant V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 194th Judicial District Court Dallas County, Texas Trial Court Cause No. F15-34452-M
MEMORANDUM OPINION Before Justices Bridges, Myers, and Schenck Opinion by Justice Myers Arminius Dejuan Jones appeals from a judgment adjudicating guilt after he was placed
on deferred adjudication community supervision for the offense of aggravated assault with a
deadly weapon. In two issues, he contends the trial court abused its discretion because the State
failed to prove he committed two new criminal offenses and the pleas of “true” were entered
involuntarily because of the ineffective assistance of counsel. We affirm.
BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Appellant pleaded guilty to aggravated assault with a deadly weapon, pursuant to a
negotiated plea bargain agreement. The trial court accepted the plea, deferred adjudication, and
placed appellant on community supervision for a period of five years. The State subsequently
filed a motion to proceed with an adjudication of guilt, alleging appellant violated various
conditions of his community supervision. Appellant pleaded “not true” to the violation of condition (a), which alleged he committed two new criminal offenses, i.e., possession of
marijuana and unlawful carrying of a weapon. He pleaded “true” to the other alleged violations:
(b) testing positive for THC, which is the active ingredient in marijuana; (h) failing to pay court
costs and fines; (i) failing to pay community supervision fees; (k) failing to pay Crime Stoppers
as ordered by the court; (l) failing to complete his community service hours; (n) failing to pay the
urinalysis fee; (p) failing to participate in an anger management program; (r) failing to participate
in the GED program and provide proof of attendance; and (w) failing to participate in a Safe
Neighborhood Training session. After an evidentiary hearing, the trial court accepted the pleas
of “true,” granted the State’s motion, and sentenced appellant to fifteen years’ imprisonment.
Appellant filed a motion for new trial alleging his pleas of true were not knowing or voluntary
because of the ineffective assistance of counsel. Following an evidentiary hearing, the trial court
denied that motion.
DISCUSSION
1. Adjudication of Guilt
In his first issue, appellant argues the trial court abused its discretion by proceeding to
adjudication because the State failed to prove he violated condition “a” by committing two new
criminal offenses. Appellant, however, pleaded true to the other alleged violations of his
community supervision. A plea of true, standing alone, is sufficient to support revocation of
community supervision. See Cole v. State, 578 S.W.2d 127, 128 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.]
1979); Walker v. State, No. 05–16–00267–CR, 2016 WL 5851885, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas
Sept. 30, 2016, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication). And a single violation of the
terms of community supervision is sufficient to support the trial court’s decision to proceed to
adjudication. See Garcia v. State, 387 S.W.3d 20, 26 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012); McCollum v.
State, No. 05–15–01056–CR, 2016 WL 8115929, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas Oct. 27, 2016, no
–2– pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication). Any one of the allegations to which appellant
pleaded true would, on its own, support the trial court’s adjudication of guilt. Accordingly, we
overrule appellant’s first issue.
2. Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
In his second issue, appellant contends the trial court abused its discretion by proceeding
to adjudication because appellant’s pleas of “true” were entered involuntarily due to the
ineffective assistance of counsel.
We review a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel under well-established standards.
See Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687–88, 694 (1984); Bone v. State, 77 S.W.3d 828,
833 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002). Appellant must show by a preponderance of the evidence that
counsel’s representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness and there is a
reasonable probability the results of the proceedings would have been different in the absence of
counsel’s errors. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687–88; Bone, 77 S.W.3d at 833; Thompson v. State, 9
S.W.3d 808, 813 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). A reasonable probability is a probability sufficient to
undermine confidence in the outcome of the proceeding. Thompson, 9 S.W.3d at 812. The fact
another attorney might have pursued a different course of action does not necessarily indicate
ineffective assistance. See Hawkins v. State, 660 S.W.2d 65, 75 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983);
Hinshaw v. State, No. 05–08–01235–CR, 2010 WL 1818057, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas May 7,
2010, pet. ref’d) (not designated for publication).
Because the trial court ruled on appellant’s ineffective assistance claim by denying his
motion for new trial after a hearing, we review this claim under an abuse of discretion standard.
See Cueva v. State, 339 S.W.3d 839, 857 (Tex. App.–Corpus Christi 2011, pet. ref’d); State v.
Gill, 967 S.W.2d 540, 542 (Tex. App.––Austin 1998, pet. ref’d); Hinshaw, 2010 WL 1818057, at
*2. We reverse only if the trial court’s ruling was clearly erroneous and arbitrary. Okonkwo v.
–3– State, 398 S.W.3d 689, 694 (Tex. Crim. App. 2013). A trial court abuses its discretion if no
reasonable view of the record could support its ruling. Id. This requires us to view the evidence
in the light most favorable to the trial court’s ruling. Id. In the absence of express findings, as
here, we presume the trial court made all findings, express and implied, in favor of the prevailing
party. Id.
At the hearing on the motion for new trial, appellant presented testimony from his
grandmother, mother, and himself. Lynn Cruthers, appellant’s grandmother, testified that when
she spoke to appellant’s trial counsel prior to the adjudication hearing, she was told appellant
would be facing only about six months in jail, and that defense counsel never explained that it
was possible the trial court could send appellant to the penitentiary for a lengthy period of time.
Appellant’s mother, Alice Rogers, similarly testified that counsel said the outcome of the case
would be a sentence of three to six months or rehabilitation, and that counsel never said there
was a possibility appellant could be sent to the penitentiary.
Appellant testified that he only pleaded true to the violations of the conditions of his
community supervision because he believed that, based on trial counsel’s assurances, he would
receive no more than six months in jail or rehabilitation. He said counsel never explained that,
under the law, the trial court could ignore sentencing recommendations and sentence appellant
anywhere within the range of punishment. But appellant admitted on cross-examination that he
was admonished on the full range of punishment for a second degree felony when he entered his
guilty plea. He also admitted that the violations to which he pleaded true were, in fact, true, he
could not fight them, and that by pleading true he was “[j]ust being honest.” He admitted that, in
conversations he had with his trial counsel, she reminded him he was on probation for a second
degree felony with a punishment range of up to twenty years in prison. He also admitted his
pleas of true to the “technical” violations were freely and voluntarily made.
–4– Christi Bustos, appellant’s trial counsel, testified that when appellant was arrested in
August of 2016, she was assigned to the two “new” pending cases and, later, to the motion to
proceed to adjudication as well. When she met with appellant, she reviewed the case with him,
including the offense for which he was on deferred adjudication, the potential punishment range,
and the effect the deadly weapon finding could have on his sentence. Bustos said she thought
that she and appellant discussed these issues on more than one occasion. She categorically
denied appellant’s contention that she never told him he could be sentenced to prison time and
that she promised he would receive no more than three to six months in jail or drug treatment.
She testified that she and appellant discussed what pleading true to some violations of his
community supervision and pleading not true to others would mean, and that by pleading not
true, the State could bring in witnesses to testify regarding whether the allegations were true.
She recalled that their main concern was the new cases, and that she and appellant decided it was
more important to challenge the allegations relating to those new charges rather than pleading
not true to all of the allegations and putting the State to its burden on each of them. She believed
appellant understood all of the potential consequences of his plea at the time he pleaded true to
the violations of the terms of his community supervision.
The trial court ruled that appellant, according to his own admission, had been properly
admonished by counsel and the court as to the consequences of his plea, and, thus, the plea was
voluntary. This ruling is supported by the record. Moreover, appellant admitted that he violated
the conditions of his community supervision to which he pleaded true, and that they could have
been proven by State’s witnesses had he entered pleas of not true to them. Appellant has failed
to show that entering pleas of not true would have had any effect on the outcome of the
adjudication. Therefore, we conclude the trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying
appellant’s motion for new trial, and we overrule appellant’s second issue.
–5– We affirm the trial court’s judgment.
/Lana Myers/ LANA MYERS JUSTICE
Do Not Publish TEX. R. APP. 47 170068F.U05
–6– Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas JUDGMENT
ARMINIUS DEJUAN JONES, Appellant On Appeal from the 194th Judicial District Court, Dallas County, Texas No. 05-17-00068-CR V. Trial Court Cause No. F15-34452-M. Opinion delivered by Justice Myers. Justices THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee Bridges and Schenck participating.
Based on the Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is AFFIRMED.
Judgment entered this 18th day of January, 2018.
–7–