Arguelles v. State

867 So. 2d 1036, 2003 WL 22707411
CourtCourt of Appeals of Mississippi
DecidedNovember 18, 2003
Docket2002-KA-01039-COA
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 867 So. 2d 1036 (Arguelles v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Mississippi primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Arguelles v. State, 867 So. 2d 1036, 2003 WL 22707411 (Mich. Ct. App. 2003).

Opinion

867 So.2d 1036 (2003)

Margarita A. ARGUELLES, Appellant,
v.
STATE of Mississippi, Appellee.

No. 2002-KA-01039-COA.

Court of Appeals of Mississippi.

November 18, 2003.
Rehearing Denied March 16, 2004.

*1037 Edmund J. Phillips, attorney for appellant.

*1038 Office of the Attorney General by Deirdre McCrory, attorney for appellee.

Before McMILLIN, C.J., BRIDGES and THOMAS, JJ.

BRIDGES, J., for the Court.

¶ 1. Margarita A. Arguelles was convicted for possession of more than one kilogram of marijuana with intent to distribute on June 11, 2002, and sentenced to serve six years in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections. From that conviction and sentence she appeals to this court. The issues are stated verbatim.

STATEMENT OF THE ISSUES

I. THE ABSENCE OF THE SIGNATURE OF THE FOREMAN OF THE GRAND JURY RENDERED THE INDICTMENT INVALID.

II. THE COURT ERRED IN DENYING APPELLANT'S MOTION TO SUPPRESS THE EVIDENCE ABOUT THE TWO PARCELS.

III. THE COURT ERRED IN DENYING APPELLANT'S MOTION FOR A DIRECTED VERDICT.

IV. AS TO APPELLANT THE VERDICT WAS AGAINST THE OVERWHELMING WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.

V. THE COURT ERRED IN DENYING APPELLANT'S CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE INSTRUCTIONS AND IN GRANTING THE STATE'S INSTRUCTION ON BURDEN OF PROOF WITHOUT CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE STANDARDS.

VI. THE COURT ERRED IN NOT GRANTING A NEW TRIAL ON THE GROUND OF NEWLY DISCOVERED EVIDENCE.

FACTS

¶ 2. A parcel being sent to the home of Sixto Jose Ramirez and Margarita A. Arguelles was intercepted by postal inspector Robert Kay in El Paso, TX, on August 20, 2001. The parcel was addressed to "Sixto Rodrigue, 536 Longview Street, Apt 2, Forest, Mississippi, 39074," Arguelles's address, and was sent by "Roberta Ramirez, 8513 Alameda, El Paso, Texas, 79907." The parcel aroused Kay's suspicions initially because of "the size of the box, the heavy taping around the box, [and] the way the names were written on the parcel." Then Kay separated the box from the others to run initial address checks on it which determined that there was "no good return address on the parcel." Later that night the postal inspectors went to the stated return address in El Paso to inquire about the sender, Roberto Ramirez, and discovered the address was "phony." On August 21, 2001, Kay contacted the post office in Forest, MS, and learned that there was a similar parcel already in Forest waiting to be delivered. It was addressed to "Sixto Rodriquez, 536 Longview Street, Apartment no. 2, Forest, Mississippi, 39074," sent by "Roberto Ramirez, 8513 Pinion, El Paso, Texas, 79907." Both parcels had the same addresses for the recipient, same street number for the sender but a different street name and there is a slight difference in the sender's first name and the recipient's last name.

¶ 3. Upon learning of the second parcel, Kay sealed the first in a numbered double pouch and express mailed it to Jackson, Mississippi. Then Kay retrieved the second parcel from the post office in Forest himself and brought it to Jackson. On August 27, 2001, postal officers requested the Hinds County Canine Handler, the deputy sheriff and the drug dog to inspect the parcel and the dog "alerted" to the parcels in question. Finally, on August 28, 2001, eight days from initial retention of the packages, they requested a search *1039 warrant for the parcel and it was granted. Upon opening the parcels the inspectors found approximately 8,500 grams of marijuana.

¶ 4. The Mississippi Bureau of Narcotics and Kay consulted with the Forest Police Department and with the Scott County Sheriff's Office and jointly decided to have a controlled delivery of the parcels by a postal inspector dressed up as a mailman while the team conducted surveillance of the residence the morning and night before delivery and during delivery. The parcels were outfitted with a device which let them track the parcels and notified the officers if the boxes had been opened.

¶ 5. Guy Robinson, the "mailman" who does not speak Spanish, testified that Arguelles parked on the street just after he arrived, greeted him as if she had been expecting a package and helped him with the door since he had to make two trips. Both Ramirez and Arguelles were home when he was delivering the package and Robinson specifically announced the parcel was for Sixto Rodriquez but neither Arguelles nor Ramirez refused delivery.

¶ 6. After the delivery of the packages, the surveillance team observed both Arguelles and Ramirez put one parcel each into the trunk of a car. It was the same car Ms. Arguelles had driven earlier and parked on the street and then later moved across the lawn to the back door of the apartment. Mr. Ramirez took the car into town alone and parked near the post office and left for a few minutes. When he drove away the police followed him which finally culminated in a high speed chase on a local highway. Upon stopping the car, they arrested Mr. Ramirez and discovered the same parcels delivered by the postal inspector in the trunk surrounded by air fresheners and laundry detergent. Neither box was ever opened.

¶ 7. In a search of the car the officers found a Western Union wire transfer for $150 from Ms. Arguelles to Mr. Ramirez in El Paso dated four days before the packages were intercepted by postal inspector Kay. Then several officers returned to the apartment and asked Ms. Arguelles, in Spanish, for consent to search her apartment which she granted. In the apartment they discovered packaging foam peanuts similar to the ones used to package the two parcels in question.

¶ 8. Both Arguelles and Ramirez were prosecuted as co-defendants for possession but, were represented by separate counsel. It is from her conviction that Arguelles appeals.

ANALYSIS

I. IS THE INDICTMENT VALID EVEN THOUGH THE FOREMAN FAILED TO SIGN?

¶ 9. The indictment of Arguelles did not contain the signature of any member of the grand jury as required in Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-7-9. Arguelles argues the validity of an indictment is derived from its indorsement by the grand jury. Keithler v. State, 10 Smedes & Marshall 192, 1 Mor. State Cases 403, 18 Miss. 192, 1848 WL 1977 (1848). However, the evolution of that requirement over the past one hundred and fifty years has made the requirement more procedural. Arguelles' objection to this indictment is raised for the first time on appeal and since this defect is procedural in nature it "must be raised by special demurrer to indictment or it is waived." Jones v. State, 356 So.2d 1182, 1183 (Miss.1978). The case of Fitzgerald v. State recently upheld that "technical and non-jurisdictional" issues regarding indictments are waived if not brought up in a motion to quash. Fitzgerald v. State, 754 So.2d 613, 617 ¶ 19 (Miss.Ct.App.2000).

*1040 ¶ 10. In reasoning that procedural, non-jurisdictional matters cannot be raised for the first time on appeal this Court finds this issue is waived.

II. SHOULD EVIDENCE OF THE TWO PARCELS HAVE BEEN SUPPRESSED?

¶ 11. Arguelles contends that the postal inspector's retention of the parcels for some length of time before requesting a search warrant was an unreasonable seizure of her property. The postal inspector's delay in delivering the second parcel already in Forest was eight days but the delay for the first parcel, en route from El Paso, would be less.

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Bluebook (online)
867 So. 2d 1036, 2003 WL 22707411, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/arguelles-v-state-missctapp-2003.