Archie v. State

181 S.W.3d 428, 2005 WL 2877778
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJanuary 3, 2006
Docket10-04-00153-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by28 cases

This text of 181 S.W.3d 428 (Archie v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Archie v. State, 181 S.W.3d 428, 2005 WL 2877778 (Tex. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinions

OPINION

FELIPE REYNA, Justice.

A jury convicted Julius Archie of family violence assault (a felony) and misdemean- or assault. The jury assessed his punishment at ten years in prison for the felony and one year in jail for the misdemeanor. Archie contends in two issues that: (1) he was punished twice for the same offense in violation of the prohibition against double jeopardy; and (2) the court abused its discretion by denying his motion for mistrial during the punishment phase when a prosecutor commented on his failure to testify. We will affirm the convictions, reverse the punishment, and remand for a new punishment hearing.

Background

The indictment contains three counts charging Archie with: (1) aggravated assault; (2) family violence assault elevated [430]*430to a felony by a prior family violence assault; and (3) unlawful restraint. Gina Columbus is the complainant in all three counts, which were all alleged to have occurred on the same date.

Viewed in a light most favorable to the verdict, the evidence reflects that Columbus picked Archie up at the county fair and drove him home. Columbus waited in the car while Archie went inside to change clothes. When Archie returned to the car, he began talking with her about a man she had previously dated. Archie was agitated. He hit Columbus in the head with enough force to cause her head to hit the driver’s side window. The impact left her head cut and bleeding.

Archie changed places with Columbus and began driving. Columbus began to feel dizzy. Archie drove to Columbus’s house and tried to clean her up. He refused to allow her to leave. He struck her repeatedly, grabbed her by the hair, and tried to choke her with his arm. He also tried to choke her with various objects including a bed sheet and a cable cord. He tied her hands and feet behind her back, rolled her up in some foam, stuffed a teddy bear in her mouth, put a sheet over her head, and left the house. He later returned to argue some more with her.

Archie testified in his own defense. He insisted that the injuries Columbus sustained in the car were accidental. He agreed that they fought in her house but denied the allegations that he had choked her or restrained her in any manner.

The court charged the jury on the lesser-included offense of misdemeanor assault as an alternative to the aggravated assault charge. The jury convicted Archie of the lesser-included assault charge, convicted him of family violence assault as charged, and acquitted him of unlawful restraint.

During punishment, the State called a former girlfriend of Archie’s, Bria Alexander, and his current girlfriend, Desiree Briscoe, to testify. Alexander testified that Archie became violent during their relationship, choked her, and pulled her hair on “many” occasions. She also testified that he tied her up once with a telephone cord, put her in a closet, and put a blanket on top of her.

Briscoe testified that Archie is not violent although they have gotten in arguments on occasion. She denied that he has ever choked her, but she did recall one occasion when he held her against the wall.

Archie called a former girlfriend, Brandy Dunlap, who testified that she had dated him for more than five years and he had never been violent toward her. Archie also called his father who testified that he would encourage Archie to participate in anger management counseling if he received community supervision.

The jury assessed Archie’s punishment as indicated above.

Double Jeopardy

Archie contends in his first issue that court abused its discretion by failing to require the State to elect which of the two assault counts it would proceed on, which resulted in his being punished twice for the same offense.

“An election is required when an indictment alleges the commission of a single offense but the State offers evidence at trial that the accused committed the offense alleged more than once.” Moore v. State, 143 S.W.3d 305, 312 (Tex.App.-Waco 2004, pet. ref'd) (citing Scoggan v. State, 799 S.W.2d 679, 680 n. 3 (Tex.Crim.App.1990); Brantley v. State, 48 S.W.3d 318, 322 n.1 (Tex.App.-Waco 2001, pet. ref'd)).

[431]*431The Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment1 prohibits the State from punishing a defendant twice for the same crime. See Sattazahn v. Pa., 537 U.S. 101, 106, 123 S.Ct. 732, 736, 154 L.Ed.2d 588 (2003); Lopez v. State, 108 S.W.3d 293, 295-96 (Tex.Crim.App.2003). However, this prohibition is not invoked when a defendant is convicted and punished for the repeated commission of the same offense on distinct occasions. See Campbell v. State, 149 S.W.3d 149, 155 (Tex.Crim.App.2004); Patterson v. State, 96 S.W.3d 427, 432 (Tex.App.-Austin 2002), aff'd, 152 S.W.3d 88 (Tex.Crim.App.2004).

Here, the indictment alleges and the evidence shows two separate assaults: (1) the assault in the car; and (2) the assault in the house. Thus, the State was not required to make an election, and Archie was not punished twice for the same offense. See Patterson, 96 S.W.3d at 432.

Accordingly, we overrule Archie’s first issue.

Motion For Mistrial

Archie contends in his second issue that the court abused its discretion by overruling his motion for mistrial after a prosecutor commented on his failure to testify in closing argument during the punishment phase.

After the punishment evidence was concluded, the court read the punishment charge to the jury. Among other things, the charge instructed the jury not to consider Archie’s failure to testify “for any purpose whatsoever.”

The argument at issue follows:

PROSECUTOR: I think you have also learned he has no respect for women. You have heard from three women now. And two of them tell you, frighteningly, the same story; that things are okay in the beginning of a relationship and then things start to go downhill, and that he strangles them and he ties them up. That is his MO. That’s what he does. You’ve heard that now from two people. You heard no evidence to the contrary as to Bria Alexander, the second victim. You heard no denial. That was just accepted.
DEFENSE COUNSEL: Excuse me, Your Honor. I object to counsel’s comment on the defendant’s failure to testify by that comment, that you have heard no denial about that.
THE COURT: Instruct the jury that they will — I sustain the objection and instruct the jury that they will follow the Court’s instructions.
DEFENSE COUNSEL: Move for mistrial based on that.
THE COURT: Overruled.

The State does not seriously challenge Archie’s assertion that the statement at issue was an erroneous comment on his failure to testify. Apparently, the trial court did not either as it promptly sustained Archie’s objection.

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Bluebook (online)
181 S.W.3d 428, 2005 WL 2877778, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/archie-v-state-texapp-2006.