Anel Guerra Acanda v. Rafael Vergara

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF MISSISSIPPI WESTERN DIVISION

ANEL GUERRA ACANDA PETITIONER

VERSUS CIVIL ACTION NO. 5:26-CV-5-DCB-RPM

RAFAEL VERGARA RESPONDENT

REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION Before the Court is Petitioner Anel Guerra Acanda’s petition for writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241. Respondent has filed a motion to dismiss based on Petitioner’s subsequent removal from the United States. At the time he filed his petition on January 9, 2026, Petitioner was an immigration detainee housed at the Adams County Correctional Center in Natchez, Mississippi. He is a native of Cuba who obtained lawful permanent status in 2019, but that status was revoked following a 2023 conviction for negligent child abuse. His removal order became final on June 24, 2025. Respondent advises that on May 29, 2026, Petitioner was removed from the United States. According to ICE’s Online Detainee Locator System, Petitioner is no longer at the Adams County Correctional Center or in ICE custody.1 Petitioner has not filed a response to the motion to dismiss.2 “Under Article III of the Constitution, federal courts may adjudicate only actual, ongoing cases or controversies.” Lewis v. Cont'l Bank Corp., 494 U.S. 472, 477 (1990). “To invoke the jurisdiction of a federal court, a litigant must have suffered, or be threatened with, an actual injury traceable to the defendant and likely to be redressed by a favorable judicial decision.” Id. (citations omitted). The “[m]ootness doctrine requires that, to show a case or controversy under Article III

1 The Court’s search involved inputting Petitioner’s “A-Number” and “Country of Birth.” 2 On June 12, 2026, mail from the Court was returned “not deliverable.” [12]. of the Constitution, ‘through all stages of federal judicial proceedings, trial and appellate[,] . . . parties must continue to have a personal stake in the outcome of the lawsuit.’” Bacilio-Sabastian v. Barr, 980 F.3d 480, 482 (5th Cir. 2020) (finding former immigration detainee’s petition moot) (quoting Lewis, 494 U.S. at 477–48).

Petitioner sought release from ICE custody; and his petition is now moot because he has been released from ICE custody. See Dep't of Homeland Sec. v. Thuraissigiam, 591 U.S. 103, 106 (2020) (describing habeas in the immigration context as traditionally providing “a means to seek release from unlawful detention”). Accordingly, the instant petition no longer presents a live case or controversy for purposes of satisfying Article III and should be dismissed as moot. RECOMMENDATION The undersigned recommends that Respondent’s [13] Motion to Dismiss be GRANTED and that Petitioner Anel Guerra Acanda’s 28 U.S.C. § 2241 Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus

be DISMISSED without prejudice as moot. NOTICE OF RIGHT TO APPEAL/OBJECT Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1), any party who desires to object to this report must serve and file written objections within fourteen (14) days after being served with a copy unless the time period is modified by the District Court. A party filing objections must specifically identify those findings, conclusions, and recommendations to which objections are being made; the District Court need not consider frivolous, conclusive, or general objections. Such party shall file the objections with the Clerk of the Court and serve the objections on the District Judge and on all other parties. A party’s failure to file such objections to the proposed findings, conclusions, and recommendations contained in this report shall bar that party from a de novo

determination by the District Court. Additionally, a party’s failure to file written objections to the proposed findings, conclusions, and recommendation contained in this report within fourteen (14) days after being served with a copy shall bar that party, except upon grounds of plain error, from attacking on appeal the proposed factual findings and legal conclusions that have been accepted by the District Court and for which there is no written objection. Douglass v. United

Services Auto. Ass’n, 79 F.3d 1415, 1428–29 (5th Cir. 1996). SO ORDERED AND ADJUDGED, this the 14th day of July 2026.

/s/ Robert P. Myers, Jr. ROBERT P. MYERS, JR. UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE