Andrew August Fank, Jr. v. Eagle, Inc.

• Court: Louisiana Court of Appeal
• Decided: February 7, 2023
• Docket: 2023-C-0068
• Status: Published

Opinion

ANDREW AUGUST FANK, JR. * NO. 2023-C-0068

VERSUS * COURT OF APPEAL EAGLE, INC., ET AL. * FOURTH CIRCUIT * STATE OF LOUISIANA *******

APPLICATION FOR WRITS DIRECTED TO CIVIL DISTRICT COURT, ORLEANS PARISH NO. 2021-10108, DIVISION “B” Honorable Richard G. Perque, Judge ****** Judge Rosemary Ledet ****** (Court composed of Chief Judge Terri F. Love, Judge Rosemary Ledet, Judge Sandra Cabrina Jenkins)

Mickey P. Landry Frank Joseph Swarr Matthew C. Clark LANDRY & SWARR, LLC 1100 Poydras Street, Suite 2000 New Orleans, LA 70163

Jeffrey A. O’Connell Ryan Phillips Jeffrey J. Conway THE NEMEROFF LAW FIRM 8226 Douglas Avenue, Suite 740 Dallas, TX 75225

COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/RESPONDENT

Jade M. Wandell Karina Shareen TAYLOR, WELLONS, POLITZ & DUHE, LLC 1555 Poydras Street, Suite 2000 New Orleans, LA 70112

COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/RELATORS

WRIT GRANTED; RELIEF DENIED February 7, 2023 RML This is an asbestos exposure case. The Relators, The Continental Insurance TFL SCJ Company and National Union Fire Insurance Company of Pittsburgh, PA (“the

Insurers”)—alleged insurers of dissolved corporation, Dixie Machine Welding &

Metal Works, Inc. (“Dixie Machine”)—seek expedited review of the trial court’s

December 28, 2022 judgment denying their peremptory exception of peremption.

The Insurers also request a stay of the proceedings pending resolution of this writ

application. For the following reasons, we grant the Insurers’ writ application, but

deny their requested relief.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

The Respondent, Andrew August Fank, Jr., alleges he sustained damages

from asbestos inhalation during his employment at the Amax Nickel Refinery

beginning in 1974 until his retirement in 2000. Mr. Fank filed suit in 2021. He

added the Insurers as defendants in 2022 on the basis that they allegedly insured

Dixie Machine for several years in the 1970s and 1980s. Mr. Fank asserted that

Dixie Machine contractors working at the Amax Nickel Refinery exposed him to

asbestos fibers throughout his employment.

The Insurers filed a peremptory exception of peremption. The Insurers

claimed that Dixie Machine dissolved in 2016. Pursuant to La. R.S. 12:1-1407(C), which establishes a three-year peremptive period for claims against a dissolved

corporation, they argued that Mr. Fank’s claims against Dixie Machine were

extinguished by peremption in 2019. Because their alleged liability to Mr. Fank is

based solely on their alleged insurance contracts with Dixie Machine, the Insurers

contended that Mr. Fank’s claims against them likewise were extinguished in 2019.

The Insurers attached to their exception Dixie Machine’s articles of dissolution,

filed with the Secretary of State in July 2016, and notices of dissolution published

in the Baton Rouge Advocate and the New Orleans Times-Picayune on August 6,

2016, and August 7, 2016, respectively. After a hearing, the trial court denied the

Insurers’ exception. This expedited writ application followed.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

The objection of peremption is raised by a peremptory exception. La. C.C.P.

art. 927(A)(2). When a peremptory exception involves the interpretation of a

statute, it is a legal question that is reviewed de novo. Duvio v. Specialty Pools

Co., LLC, 15-0423, p. 12 (La. App. 4 Cir. 6/16/16), 216 So.3d 999, 1009 (citing

Chapital v. Harry Kelleher & Co., 13-1606, p. 6 (La. App. 4 Cir. 6/4/14), 144

So.3d 75, 82). When evidence is introduced at the hearing on the peremptory

exception of peremption, the trial court’s findings of fact are reviewed under the

manifest error or clearly wrong standard of review. Id. (citing Lomont, 14–2483,

p. 8, 172 So.3d at 627). “Ordinarily, the exceptor bears the burden of proof at the

trial of the peremptory exception. But, if prescription [or peremption] is evident on

the face of the pleadings, the burden shifts to the plaintiff to show the action has

not prescribed.” Lomont, 14-2483, p. 7, 172 So.3d at 627 (citing Rando, 08-1163,

p. 20, 16 So.3d at 1082). In reviewing a peremptory exception of peremption,

Louisiana courts strictly construe the statute against peremption and in favor of the

3 claim that is said to be extinguished. Succession of Lewis, 22-00079, p. 6 (La.

10/21/22), 351 So.3d 336, 340.

DISCUSSION

“Peremption is a period of time fixed by law for the existence of a right.

Unless timely exercised, the right is extinguished upon the expiration of the

peremptive period.” La. C.C. art. 3458. “‘Peremption differs from prescriptive

[periods] in two respects: (1) the expiration of the peremptive time period destroys

the cause of action itself; and (2) nothing may interfere with the running of a

peremptive time period.’” Smith v. Brumfield, 13-1171, p. 12 (La. App. 4 Cir.

1/15/14), 133 So.3d 70, 78 (quoting Naghi v. Brener, 08-2527, p. 11 (La. 6/26/09),

17 So.3d 919, 926); see also La. Civil Code art. 3461 (“Peremption may not be

renounced, interrupted, or suspended.”).

In their writ application, the Insurers depart from their reliance on La. R.S.

12:1-140. Rather, they argue that La. R.S. 12:147 (repealed 2014) applies to Mr.

Fank’s claims. Regardless, the Insurers argue that La. R.S. 12:147 likewise

extinguished Mr. Fank’s claims against them three years after Dixie Machine’s

dissolution. Mr. Fank counters that the Insurers’ writ application is fatally flawed,

because it relies on a repealed statute. Mr. Fank is incorrect that La. R.S. 12:147 is

inapplicable.1 Nevertheless, we find that the Insurers failed to establish that Mr.

Fank’s claims against Dixie Machine—and consequently, his claims against the

Insurers—have been extinguished by peremption under La. R.S. 12:147(C).

1 La. R.S. 12:147 was repealed in 2014 and replaced by La. R.S. 12:1-1407 before Mr. Fank filed

suit. But, in long latency exposure cases, Louisiana courts apply the law in effect at the time of the substantial injury producing exposures giving rise to the plaintiff’s claim. Cole v. Celotex Corp., 599 So.2d 1058, 1068 (La. 1992); Lege v. Union Carbide Corp., 20-0252, p. 2, --So.3d--, 2021 WL 1917784, p. **3. Mr. Fank alleges asbestos exposure from the 1970s until his retirement in 2000. Thus, La. R.S. 12:147 applies to his claims.

4 La. R.S. 12:147 establishes a three-year peremptive period for claims against

a dissolved corporation. It also establishes prerequisite procedures a dissolved

corporation must take to trigger the commencement of the peremptive period. La.

R.S. 12:147(B). Pertinent to this writ application, La. R.S. 12:147(B) required that

a dissolved corporation publish notice of its dissolution “once a week for two

successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the parish in which the

corporation’s registered office is located.” Absent compliance with the procedures

established by La. R.S. 12:147(B), the dissolved corporation does not obtain the

benefit of the three-year peremptive period. See La. R.S. 12:147(A).

Despite their own argument that La. R.S. 12:147 applies, the Insurers’ did

not establish Dixie Machine’s compliance with the prerequisite procedures of La.

R.S. 12:147(B). Specifically, the Insurers attached to their peremptory exception

one notice of dissolution published by Dixie Machine in two different papers on

two successive days, rather than a notice of its dissolution published once a week

for two successive weeks, as required by La. R.S. 12:147(B). Thus, the Insurers

failed to show that the three-year peremptive period in favor of Dixie Machine

commenced. Considering our mandate to strictly construe La. R.S. 12:147 against

peremption and in favor of Mr. Fank’s claims, we find that the Insurers failed to

meet their burden of proving the peremption of Mr. Fank’s claims.

DECREE

For the foregoing reasons, we grant the writ application filed on behalf of

the Insurers but deny their requested relief.

WRIT GRANTED; RELIEF DENIED