Anderson v. State

831 S.W.2d 50, 1992 WL 96064
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedSeptember 30, 1992
Docket2-90-246-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 831 S.W.2d 50 (Anderson v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Anderson v. State, 831 S.W.2d 50, 1992 WL 96064 (Tex. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

OPINION

JOE SPURLOCK, II, Justice.

Larry Duane Anderson appeals from his conviction by a jury of aggravated sexual assault of a child. Having found an enhancement allegation to be true, the jury sentenced him to life imprisonment in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Institutional Division. In five points of error, Anderson claims that the trial court erred in: 1) excusing a prospective juror who was not shown to be disqualified; 2) allowing the prosecution to argue facts not in evidence; 3) making an evidentiary ruling which was an opinion as to the weight of the evidence; 4) failing to declare a mistrial on his own motion or give a curative instruction following a prejudicial remark by a State witness; and 5) allowing an improper “outcry” witness to offer hearsay testimony from the injured party.

We affirm.

In his first point of error, Anderson complains that the trial court erred in excusing, sua sponte, prospective juror Ad-cock for cause. During voir dire, the State elicited from this juror that he had been convicted of felony theft, but that he had successfully served out his probation and was, therefore, not absolutely disqualified on those grounds. Walker v. State, 645 S.W.2d 294, 295 (Tex.Crim.App.1983).

The record reflects that following voir dire, the trial court struck Adcock for cause, as follows: “I’m going to strike *52 [Adcock] for cause on my own motion and either or both of you may have your objection.” The prosecutor then stated that she had no objection, while defense counsel stated that “I’ve got a couple that Pm going to challenge for cause. Do you want me to wait.”

Anderson maintains that it can be inferred from the court’s ruling that any objection to the trial court’s action in striking Adcock would have been futile, thus no objection was necessary. We agree with the State that this is an incorrect interpretation of the trial court’s comments. The court was giving each party an opportunity to object, which neither did. We hold that Anderson has failed to preserve any error with respect to the trial court’s action, and thus has waived any error for our review. See Mays v. State, 726 S.W.2d 937, 950 (Tex.Crim.App.1986), cert. denied, 484 U.S. 1079, 108 S.Ct. 1059, 98 L.Ed.2d 1020 (1988); Tex.R.App.P. 52(a).

In addition, had there been error preserved for appellate review, we would hold that such error was harmless. The record reflects that Anderson struck six venire members that followed the last juror seated, and thus had the opportunity to exercise peremptory challenges on every juror seated. Anderson, therefore, was not forced to accept an unobjectionable juror as a result of the trial court’s action. See Bell v. State, 724 S.W.2d 780, 796 (Tex.Crim.App.1986), cer t. denied, 479 U.S. 1046, 107 S.Ct. 910, 93 L.Ed.2d 860 (1987). We also note that the State would have had the opportunity to strike Adcock had he remained on the panel, in that they exercised three strikes following the last juror seated. Anderson has not shown that but for the trial court’s action Adcock would have served on the jury and that he was forced to accept an objectionable juror, thus rendering any error in the trial court’s action harmless. Point of error number one is overruled.

In point of error number two, Anderson complains that the trial court erred in allowing the State to argue facts not in evidence. Specifically, he contends that at the punishment phase the State alluded to specific factual details of his prior felony conviction for injury to a child.

The State properly introduced the pen packet containing Anderson’s prior conviction for enhancement purposes. During its argument on punishment, the prosecutor stated: “And during the second half of the trial, the punishment phase of the trial, you found out not only does he like to sexually abuse children, he likes to hurt children. He likes to beat children.”

It is error for the State to inject specific factual details of a prior conviction that is admitted for purposes of enhancing punishment. Walker v. State, 610 S.W.2d 481, 483 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1980). In Walker, the factual detail that was introduced by the State was that the victim of the defendant’s prior incest conviction was his stepdaughter. However, Walker does not apply to the ease at bar as there were no specific details admitted at any point in the punishment phase concerning the prior conviction, about either the relationship between the victim and Anderson, the severity of the “injury,” the date of the occurrence, or so forth. The jury could easily infer that felony injury to a child involves “hurting and beating children,” and we cannot see how the prosecution’s statements injected facts not readily apparent from knowledge of a conviction for injury to a child. See id. at 483.

Even if it was error for the trial court to admit the prosecution’s statements into evidence in this case, that error, if found, would be harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. There was ample evidence that the victim in this case complained of severe pain as a result of the sexual assaults, and that Anderson had threatened to physically punish the child if she ever told anyone of his actions. In light of this evidence, the overwhelming evidence of the guilt of Anderson, and in consideration of those factors enunciated in Harris v. State, 790 S.W.2d 568, 587 (Tex.Crim.App.1989), any such error in admitting the State’s remarks was harmless. Point of error number two is overruled.

*53 In point of error number three, Anderson contends that the trial court im-permissibly commented on the weight of the evidence by sustaining the State’s objection to a portion of defense counsel’s punishment argument. The statements objected to are as follows:

In this case look back at the evidence that you heard in this case. Is the evidence in this case strong enough to support a long sentence, the evidence on which you convicted him? If you still have any doubts about that evidence, express them here. If you still have any problems with the State’s case and what they presented, express them—

At this point, the prosecution lodged an objection stating that the guilt-innocence phase was over, and that the jury should not be considering anything as far as the guilt-innocence phase was concerned. The court sustained the objection without further comment.

It is the duty of the trial court to rule on objections to evidence or argument without other comment which tends to substantiate, qualify or otherwise embellish the ruling, and the court’s sole statement of “sustained” or “overruled” does not itself constitute a comment on the weight of the evidence. See Smith v. State, 595 S.W.2d 120, 123 (Tex.Crim.App. [Panel Op.] 1980).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Christopher Lynn Petty v. the State of Texas
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2022
Torrence Renard Ivy v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2014
Carty v. State
178 S.W.3d 297 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2006)
Alfred Llewelyn Carty v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2005
In re Z.L.B.
56 S.W.3d 818 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2001)
Michael R. Williford v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 1993

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
831 S.W.2d 50, 1992 WL 96064, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/anderson-v-state-texapp-1992.