Anago Franchising, Inc. v. IMTN, Inc.

477 F. App'x 383
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedApril 23, 2012
Docket11-2639
StatusUnpublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 477 F. App'x 383 (Anago Franchising, Inc. v. IMTN, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Anago Franchising, Inc. v. IMTN, Inc., 477 F. App'x 383 (7th Cir. 2012).

Opinion

*384 ORDER

Anago Franchising (“Anago”) initiated an action in federal court alleging trademark infringement under the federal Lan-ham Act, breach of contract, and a right to injunctive relief against IMTN, Inc., Myron L. Schuchman, and Tim Conn. The district court granted the motion to dismiss, holding that Anago had failed to state a claim on the trademark infringement claim and declining to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the remaining claims. Anago now appeals that dismissal.

The focus of the parties on appeal is a narrow one and therefore we limit our factual discussion to those facts relevant to that analysis. Anago is a franchisor of commercial cleaning subfranchises to various individuals and businesses. Anago gave IMTN, an Illinois corporation, the exclusive right to use Anago’s franchise system in the Chicago areas through a Subfranchisor Rights Agreement (“SRA”) entered in or about January 25, 2001. “Anago” is a registered mark with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Pursuant to the SRA, IMTN had the right to enter into agreements with unit franchisees and the right to enter into agreements to clean commercial accounts in the name of Anago, and IMTN was required to use software specifically developed by Anago. Cleantelligent is a software company which provides special software for commercial cleaning companies, and is in direct competition with Anago and its software products. Accordingly, Anago was disturbed when it discovered a letter on Cleantelligent’s website written on Anago stationery indicating that Anago Chicago was a customer that used the Cleantelligent software and praising both the software and Cleantelligent’s personal attention and customer service.

As the January 25, 2011 date neared for the renewal of the subfranchise, the parties engaged in negotiations for a renewal of the agreement, which ultimately proved fruitless. On January 10, 2011, Anago wrote . to defendants’ counsel notifying them that Anago was terminating the SRA. The defendants responded with a letter of January 14, 2011, alleging that the termination was improper but expressing a willingness to allow the agreement to expire by its own terms on January 25, 2011. On January 15, 2011, Conn sent a letter to Glenview Animal Hospital, an IMTN client, and that letter forms the crux of Anago’s trademark infringement claim. The letter notified Glenview Animal Hospital of a “big change” in the company, stating:

[Ajfter 10 years, our franchise relationship with Anago will expire on January 25, 2011. We have decided to explore other options that would best suit our clients and our franchises.
At midnight on January 25, 2011, we will close operations as “Anago Chicago.” We have made arrangements with another company, Image One Facility Solutions, to take over the servicing of your account, starting at 12:01 a.m. on January 25, 2011. The transition from Anago Chicago to Image One Facility Solutions will be seamless. Image One will take over, all our office staff and all of our cleaning crews (unless they choose NOT to be a part of Image One.) You can reach Image One at the same address and telephone number.
The only difference you should see is the name on the invoice sent to you.... You will receive a letter from Image One Facility Solutions introducing itself and giving you information regarding where future payments should be sent.

Anago argues that the January 15 letter to Glenview Animal Hospital — and presumably other clients as well — constituted trademark infringement in violation of the *385 Lanham Act. All parties agree that in order to succeed on a claim for trademark infringement under the Lanham Act, the plaintiff must establish a likelihood of consumer confusion.

The only allegation Anago makes of consumer confusion in the amended complaint is as follows:

The continued unlawful use by Defendants of the Anago mark, for a company with identical services in the identical geographic area as those offered by An-ago, has or will inevitably cause confusion and deception of the trade and the public and will lead the public erroneously to believe that Cleantelligent’s or IOFS [Image One] services are either sponsored by Anago or are offered with the consent and authority of Anago.

The district court noted that a plaintiff pursuing a Lanham Act claim must demonstrate that (1) its mark is protectable and (2) the defendants’ use of the mark is likely to cause confusion among consumers. Packman v. Chicago Tribune Co., 267 F.3d 628, 638 (7th Cir.2001); Eli Lilly & Co. v. Natural Answers, Inc., 233 F.3d 456, 461 (7th Cir.2000). The court concluded that Anago had failed to allege facts that plausibly suggest that the defendants used Anago’s service mark in a manner likely to confuse consumers as to the source of the services.

We review the granting of a motion to dismiss de novo. Stayart v. Yahoo! Inc., 623 F.3d 436, 438 (7th Cir.2010). To survive a motion to dismiss, the complaint must contain sufficient factual allegations which, accepted as true, state a claim for relief that is plausible on its face. Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009); Independent Trust Corp. v. Stewart Information Services Corp., 665 F.3d 930, 934-35 (7th Cir.2012). Thus, a plaintiff “to survive dismissal ‘must plead some facts that suggest a right to relief that is beyond the “speculative level.” ’ ” In re marchFIRST Inc., 589 F.3d 901, 905 (7th Cir.2009). To meet this plausibility standard, the complaint must supply enough facts to establish a reasonable expectation that discovery will yield evidence supporting the plaintiffs allegations. Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 556, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007); Indep. Trust Corp., 665 F.3d at 935. Moreover, a plaintiff can plead itself out of court by pleading facts that show it has no legal claim. Atkins v. City of Chicago, 631 F.3d 823, 832 (7th Cir.2011).

Anago argues that the district court erred in requiring Anago to plead the element “continued use” in order to state a Lanham Act claim. That claim is disingenuous. The district court discussed whether there were facts indicating continued use of the mark because Anago’s amended complaint alleged that the defendants’ continued use of the mark would cause consumer confusion — in other words, the court merely focused on the allegations of Anago’s complaint, as is proper for a motion to dismiss.

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Bluebook (online)
477 F. App'x 383, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/anago-franchising-inc-v-imtn-inc-ca7-2012.