Alvares-Correa v. Alvares-Correa

285 A.D.2d 123, 726 N.Y.S.2d 668, 2001 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7009
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedJuly 5, 2001
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 285 A.D.2d 123 (Alvares-Correa v. Alvares-Correa) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Alvares-Correa v. Alvares-Correa, 285 A.D.2d 123, 726 N.Y.S.2d 668, 2001 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7009 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2001).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

Buckley, J.

Defendant in this matrimonial action claims: that he does [125]*125not have control of, nor access to, substantial trust funds; that support awards must be limited to an amount reflecting the precommencement standard of living; that it was error to award lifetime maintenance to plaintiff; that plaintiff should not have been awarded anything for necessaries; and that the award of counsel fees violated the prenuptial agreement between the parties. For the reasons that follow, we reject each of these claims and affirm the trial court.

The parties were married in December 1985 and have two children, born in 1991 and 1993. Prior to the marriage, the plaintiff was an undergraduate at Middlebury College and later at Columbia University, where she received her bachelor’s degree in art history. At 21 years of age, she became the income beneficiary of a trust established by her paternal grandfather from which she receives $19,000 per year. She was last employed in the early 1990s and earned between $24,000 and $27,000 per year. Throughout the marriage, plaintiff has been a homemaker and primary caretaker for the children, each of whom has special needs. Defendant was born in Chile, schooled in Switzerland and graduated from Harvard University with an MBA. His premarital employment was with investment banks and, shortly after marriage, his employment income was approximately $75,000 per year. In January 1989, defendant was employed by a Swiss bank, Vontobel, at an annual salary of $100,000, where he remained until July 1991, at which timé he founded his own company, ACI Capital Management, Inc., a sole proprietorship which is an investment manager for non-United States clients. In that regard, he earns approximately 1% of the money under his management.

On the morning of the parties’ marriage, defendant insisted that plaintiff sign a prenuptial agreement which contained a waiver by plaintiff of equitable distribution and estate rights. During their marital cohabitation, the couple enjoyed a relatively lavish lifestyle, which included residence in a Manhattan apartment with a monthly rental of $5,000 and frequent travels, either together or separately, to Europe, South America and the Caribbean. In addition, they not only had a housekeeper but a full-time nanny to help care for their children.

Beginning with the death of defendant’s father in 1986, defendant became depressed and drank heavily. By 1993, defendant was completely withdrawn from plaintiff and the following year he sought medical help and began drug therapy. By [126]*126that time, defendant had ceased to provide financial support to his family and plaintiff moved with the children to a recently completed house that had been constructed on property she had purchased with money borrowed from her grandfather’s trust. This action was commenced in February 1996 based on allegations that defendant had constructively abandoned plaintiff and had neglected to adequately support her and the children during the prior year.

In an extensive opinion after 20 days of trial, the IAS court dissolved the marriage on the ground of defendant’s abandonment, directed defendant to pay support in the amount of $3,500 per month for each child, awarded monthly maintenance of $9,000 to plaintiff continuing until the death of either party or plaintiff’s remarriage or February 28, 2005, after which the amount would be reduced to $5,500 per month and continue until plaintiff’s remarriage or the death of either party. The court further awarded plaintiff the sum of $101,206 for her necessaries, awarded counsel fees to plaintiff in the total amount of $408,439, and further ordered defendant to be responsible for private school, summer camp, extracurricular activities and insurance for the children. Defendant moved for renewal on the financial aspects of the court’s decision, claiming, among other things, that substantial trust funds which were found available to him were, in fact, beyond his control.

Defendant’s connection to the trust funds happened in the mid-1980s when his grandmother established trusts in the British Virgin Islands. In 1991 those trusts were dissolved and new ones established. Defendant was and remains a vested beneficiary of four trusts and has the sole power of appointment for three of the trusts. The trial court properly rejected defendant’s contention that he has no control of, or access to, those offshore trusts. Defendant’s property interest in such trust property was not evaluated for purposes of equitable distribution (see, Riechers v Riechers, 267 AD2d 445, lv denied 95 NY2d 757) but to determine whether he would be able to afford maintenance and child support. The trial court found that defendant had not met his burden of demonstrating that extensive trust assets were not available to him. Such a credibility finding is committed to the discretion of that court (Galachiuk v Galachiuk, 262 AD2d 1026, 1027; Ferraro v Ferraro, 257 AD2d 596). We have been presented with no reason to disturb that finding.

A party’s interest in trusts can be taken into account when making maintenance and child support awards (Domestic Re[127]*127lations Law § 236 [B] [6] [a]; § 240 [1-b] [b] [5] [iv]; Rothberg v Rothberg, 174 AD2d 359; Matter of Chapman v Chapman, 28 AD2d 1028; cf. Restatement [Second] of Trusts § 157 [a]). Defendant is not only a beneficiary of four trusts but has a power of appointment which allows him to direct the distribution of all or any part of trust assets which were valued in 1998 at some $37 million. The trusts were apparently established to avoid or minimize United States income taxes while vesting defendant and his brothers with virtually unrestricted control over such assets. The evidence clearly showed that defendant and his brothers have control and management of the subject trusts, which were established for their benefit, and that defendant not only effectively oversees the trust funds but, pursuant to trust documents, has complete and unfettered access to those funds. There is, therefore, no basis to set aside the fact finding of the trial court and thus to ignore the existence of defendant’s offshore assets, which are certainly available to him to as a supplement to his other available assets, and these funds, plus his earning capacity, are sufficient to enable him to satisfy his child support and maintenance obligations.

Defendant has further argued that the child support and maintenance awards should have been based on a precommencement standard of living, that lifetime maintenance should not have been awarded, that necessaries should not have been granted and that attorneys’ fees were improvidently granted. The precommencement standard of living was relatively lavish, however, and included a five-bedroom apartment in a luxury building near Lincoln Center, employment of a nanny and housekeeper, extensive travel, rental of a weekend home and private school tuition for the children. The award of the trial court permits plaintiff to resume a lifestyle approximating a standard of living enjoyed before commencement. The award of lifetime maintenance, albeit in a reduced amount after five years, was warranted under the circumstances since “ [consideration of the predivorce standard of living is an essential component of evaluating and properly determining the duration and amount of the maintenance award to be accorded a spouse” (Hartog v Hartog, 85 NY2d 36, 50-51; see also, Kirschenbaum v Kirschenbaum,

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Bluebook (online)
285 A.D.2d 123, 726 N.Y.S.2d 668, 2001 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 7009, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/alvares-correa-v-alvares-correa-nyappdiv-2001.