Al's Electric, LLC and Alton Labrecque v. Daniel C. McNeely
Opinion
IN THE
TENTH COURT OF APPEALS
No. 10-21-00289-CV
AL'S ELECTRIC, LLC AND ALTON LABRECQUE, Appellants
v.
DANIEL C. MCNEELY, Appellee
From the County Court at Law Ellis County, Texas
Trial Court No. 15-C-3094
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Daniel C. McNeely sued Al’s Electric, LLC and Alton Labrecque for breach of contract. Al’s Electric and Labrecque answered separately, and only Al’s Electric filed a counterclaim against McNeely for breach of contract and quantum meruit. McNeely filed a traditional motion for summary judgment against Al’s Electric and Labrecque only on McNeely’s claim, although acknowledging Al’s Electric had filed a counterclaim. The trial court granted McNeely’s motion but also “finally dispose[d] of all claims in this case.” On appeal, Al’s Electric and Labrecque complain about the trial court’s summary judgment order and the award of attorney’s fees to McNeely. 1 Because the trial court erred in disposing of Al’s Electric’s counterclaims and erred in granting summary judgment on McNeely’s claim against Al’s Electric but did not err in granting summary judgment on McNeely’s claim against Labrecque, the trial court’s judgment is affirmed in part and reversed and this case is remanded, in part, for further proceedings. BACKGROUND As alleged in his original petition, McNeely hired “Defendant” 2 to provide electrical services for an airplane hangar and paid $9,000 for the work that had been done. McNeely alleged that all work had not been performed and that when failures were communicated, “Defendant” acted in an “extreme and outrageous way,” refused to cure any defects, and continued to perform work “in breach of the Plaintiff’s and the Contractor’s expressed instructions.” McNeely alleged he had to hire another electrician to repair and finish the electrical work at an expense of $16,361. SUMMARY JUDGMENT In four issues, Al’s Electric and Labrecque contend the trial court erred in granting summary judgment because 1) the summary judgment evidence makes no mention of Al’s Electric; 2) the motion sought summary judgment solely on McNeely’s breach of
1 Al’s Electric and Labrecque filed a joint brief. Issues One, Two, and Three relate only to Al’s Electric, and Issue Four relates only to Labrecque. Issues Five and Six, regarding attorney’s fees, relate to Labrecque and Al’s Electric, respectively.
2 The petition specifically names Al’s Electric as “Defendant.” Labrecque is named as a party but is not given the description “Defendant.” McNeely alleges he and “Defendant” entered into the contract and that “Defendant” failed to perform.
Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely Page 2 contract claim; 3) the order granted judgment against Al’s Electric and Labrecque, jointly and severally; and 4) Labrecque raised a fact issue by stating the electrical work had been completed. We discuss the second issue, first.
—Al’s Electric’s counterclaims In the second issue, Al’s Electric contends that the trial court erred in disposing of Al’s Electric’s counterclaims for breach of contract and quantum meruit when they were not the subject of McNeely’s motion for summary judgment. We agree with Al’s Electric.
It is well-recognized that a summary judgment movant may not be granted judgment as a matter of law on a cause of action not addressed in a summary judgment proceeding, and that granting a summary judgment on a claim not addressed in the summary judgment motion is reversible error. G & H Towing Co., 347 S.W.3d at 297; Black v. Victoria Lloyds Ins. Co., 797 S.W.2d 20, 27 (Tex. 1990); Chessher v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., 658 S.W.2d 563, 564 (Tex. 1983). McNeely moved for summary judgment on his breach of contract claim. While acknowledging Al’s Electric filed a counterclaim, McNeely did not move for summary judgment on Al’s Electric’s claims. Because the trial court’s Order Granting Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment stated that it “finally dispose[d] of all claims in this case [,]” the order became final for purposes of appeal and erroneously disposed of Al’s Electric’s claims. See G & H Towing Co. v. Magee, 347 S.W.3d 293, 298 (Tex. 2011). See also Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191, 200 (Tex. 2001).
Issue Two is sustained.
Now we must also determine whether the summary judgment was correctly granted as to McNeely’s claim and move to those issues on appeal. Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely Page 3 —Standard of Review We review a trial court's decision to grant or deny a summary judgment de novo. Tex. Mun. Power Agency v. Pub. Util. Comm'n of Tex., 253 S.W.3d 184, 192 (Tex. 2007); Valence Operating Co. v. Dorsett, 164 S.W.3d 656, 661 (Tex. 2005). To prevail on a traditional motion for summary judgment, the movant must show that no genuine issue of material fact exists and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. TEX. R. CIV. P. 166a(c); Sw. Elec. Power Co. v. Grant, 73 S.W.3d 211, 215 (Tex. 2002). The movant must conclusively establish its right to judgment as a matter of law. See MMP, Ltd. v. Jones, 710 S.W.2d 59, 60 (Tex. 1986). A matter is conclusively established if reasonable people could not differ as to the conclusion to be drawn from the evidence. See City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 816 (Tex. 2005).
If the movant meets its burden, the burden then shifts to the non-movant to raise a genuine issue of material fact precluding summary judgment. See Centeq Realty, Inc. v. Siegler, 899 S.W.2d 195, 197 (Tex. 1995). The evidence raises a genuine issue of material fact if reasonable and fair-minded jurors could differ in their conclusions in light of all of the summary-judgment evidence. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. v. Mayes, 236 S.W.3d 754, 755 (Tex. 2007). We take as true all evidence favorable to the non-movant, and we indulge every reasonable inference and resolve any doubt in the non-movant's favor. Valence Operating Co. v. Dorsett, 164 S.W.3d 656, 661 (Tex. 2005).
—Insufficient Evidence of Al’s Electric’s Breach In Issue One, Al’s Electric contends the trial court erred in granting summary judgment against Al’s Electric because the summary judgment evidence is insufficient to Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely Page 4 establish a breach of contract by Al’s Electric.
McNeely’s evidence in support of his motion for summary judgment consisted of his affidavit, an affidavit of his expert and contractor, and an affidavit from his attorney in support of a claim for attorney’s fees. In his affidavit, McNeely only references Labrecque, not Al’s Electric. For example, he alleged he contracted with Labrecque, he paid Labrecque, Labrecque breached the contract, and he had to fix Labrecque’s work. Likewise, the expert’s affidavit and attached report focuses only on Labrecque. The expert encountered and worked with Labrecque and reviewed Labrecque’s work or the work of Labrecque’s employee, Gary. The only time Al’s Electric is even mentioned is in the expert’s report, in which the expert states, “McNeely introduced me to Alton Labrecque, owner of Al’s Electric.” There was no summary judgment evidence that McNeely had a contract with Al’s Electric or that Al’s Electric breached the contract if there was one.
As the movant, McNeely was required to show that no genuine issue of material fact exists and conclusively establish his right to judgment as a matter of law. In our de novo review, and taking as true all evidence favorable to Al’s Electric, McNeely did not satisfy his burden to establish his right to judgment as a matter of law against Al’s Electric.
Issue One is sustained.
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