Allen v. Commonwealth

901 S.W.2d 881, 1995 Ky. App. LEXIS 67, 1995 WL 149890
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kentucky
DecidedApril 7, 1995
DocketNo. 92-CA-3104-MR
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 901 S.W.2d 881 (Allen v. Commonwealth) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kentucky primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Allen v. Commonwealth, 901 S.W.2d 881, 1995 Ky. App. LEXIS 67, 1995 WL 149890 (Ky. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

DYCHE, Judge.

Rex Allen appeals from a judgment and sentence of the McCracken Circuit Court convicting him of Criminal Abuse in the First Degree (KRS 508.100) and sentencing him to seven years’ imprisonment.

Allen raises two contentions of trial court error on appeal. First, appellant argues the trial court erred when it overruled his “Motion to Dismiss Indictment or in the Alternative for a New Trial,” filed November 30, 1992, on the grounds the trial court had improperly delegated authority to disqualify, postpone or excuse potential grand jurors to the Court Administrator. Secondly, appellant contends that the introduction into evidence at trial of an inaccurate model of the paddle used on Marcus Jackson, the victim, was prejudicial error. Finding merit to the first argument but not the second, we reverse and remand.

Rex Allen was indicted on the charge of Criminal Abuse in the First Degree (KRS 508.100) by the McCracken County Grand Jury on June 30, 1992. A jury trial held on October 5-6, 1992, resulted in his conviction. Thereafter, on November 30, 1992, prior to his sentencing, Allen filed a “Motion to Dismiss Indictment or in the Alternative for a New Trial” alleging that the Grand Jury which indicted him was selected contrary to KRS 29A.080, KRS 29A.100 and Administrative Procedures of the Court of Justice, Part II, sections 8 and 12. In support of his motion, Allen cited Commonwealth v. Nelson, Ky., 841 S.W.2d 628 (1992) rendered by the Supreme Court of Kentucky on November 19, 1992.

The trial court gave counsel for Allen until December 11, 1992, to present proof in support of the motion. On that date, counsel filed the affidavit of Ms. Kimberly Mick, the McCracken County Court Administrator. The affidavit reads as follows:

1) I am the Court Administrator for McCracken County.
2) The following procedure was used in McCracken County to select grand jurors in this case:
a) In August a request is sent to Frankfort for fourteen (14) lists containing two hundred twenty-five (225) jurors. These lists are randomly selected by the computer in Frankfort from a list compiled from the voter registration and the driver’s license lists from McCracken County. Fourteen (14) lists are selected, one for each month of the year and two (2) alternates.
b) Frankfort sends the lists in September. At that time, the McCracken Circuit Clerk’s office and I prepare the juror summons to be sent. Each summons includes a questionnaire which must be returned.
c) The McCracken County Sheriff’s office then sends the summons out to be received by the juror one month before the date they are summoned to appear to serve on jury duty.
[883]*8833) When the jury questionnaires are returned, I make decisions regarding which jurors should be excused or transferred to another month based on past practice of the Judges. This includes the excuses delineated by court rules and statutes.
4) Only if I have questions about the court rules or statutes do I take the questionnaire to the Judge for him to make the determination on whether to excuse the juror.
5) There is no way to determine from looking at the questionnaire whether I excused the juror or the judge excused the juror.
6) Once the decisions regarding excuses are made from the questionnaire, I prepare a list of jurors that will be present on the first court day of the month.
7) Once the jurors have appeared in Court, the Judge makes all determinations regarding excuses and they are recorded in the court record.
8) The Grand Jurors are selected every odd month and serve for two months. Therefore, the Grand Jurors that served in June were all selected in May and came off the May list.
9) My records reveal that in May of 1992, of the 225 summons sent:
Forty-four (44) were returned unclaimed;
Fifteen (15) were not returned;
Thirty-seven (37) were excused by the Judge or myself for medical reasons.
Twenty-six (26) I disqualified;
Ten (10) were excused by either the Judge or myself;
Nineteen (19) transferred in from previous months; and
Twenty-four (24) were transferred to another month.
10) I presented the Judge with Eighty-seven (87) jurors on the first day of May and he excused two (2).
11) There are no published orders, opinions, and/or letters delegating to me the responsibility to excuse jurors. However, I did have verbal authority from the judges to excuse jurors in accordance with court rules and statutes.
/s/ Kimberly Mick

In Nelson, the Supreme Court clearly held that the authority to determine which jurors should be disqualified, postponed or excused cannot be delegated to administrative personnel. Such a delegation constitutes a substantial deviation from the statutes and rules which vest discretion in the hands of a judge, not a court administrator. If the error is preserved for review, such an improper delegation is to result in a reversal of the conviction. See Nelson, supra, at 631-32. Despite the submission of Ms. Mick’s affidavit on December 11, 1992, Allen’s “Motion to Dismiss Indictment or in the Alternative for a New Trial” was overruled by the trial court just prior to sentencing on December 21, 1992.

That brings us to appellant’s first contention of error, which appellee contends was not preserved. We disagree. As noted by the Supreme Court in Nelson, Bartley v. Loyall, Ky.App., 648 S.W.2d 873 (1982) indicates that irregularities with respect to the jury, which are first discovered after trial, may be raised at that time in a motion for a new trial. Nelson, supra, at 632. Although Bartley involved the method by which petit jurors were selected, it is comparable to the facts herein as it relates to the preservation issue.

The complaining party, Rex Allen, neither knew, nor by reasonable diligence could have known, the grounds for challenge to the grand jury selection process before or during his trial. Since there was no published delegation of the power to grant grand juror disqualification, postponement or excusal, only an interrogation of the court administrator or judge would lead counsel to suspect some irregularity. Bartley, supra, holds that reasonable diligence does not require such questioning.

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Bluebook (online)
901 S.W.2d 881, 1995 Ky. App. LEXIS 67, 1995 WL 149890, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/allen-v-commonwealth-kyctapp-1995.