FILED SU2IOR CDURT GUAM {3
7rP t9 tti 2 ? c :i c coup IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF GUAM r
MORGAN AIKEN, III, Superior Court Case No. CVOO$4-19
Plaintiff, DECISION AND ORDER RE VS. PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION CATHERINE M.R. CASTRO and EDWARD CASTRO,
Defendants.
The Court here considers Plaintiff Morgan Aiken III’s Motion for Emergency Injunction,
seeking to enjoin Defendants Catherine M.R. Castro and Edward Castro from harassing him by
sending non-consented emails and stray remarks. Additionally, Aiken is requesting that the
Court order the Castros to limit communications to facsimile. The Castros did not file an
opposition to Ailcen’s Motion. Finding that Aiken has not consented to service by email, the
Court GRANTS the Motion.
I. BACKGROUND
Ailcen asserts that at an April 8, 2020 status conference, the Castros denied receipt of
email transmissions from Aiken. Aiken also denied receiving email transmissions from the
Castros, claiming that he receives hundreds of emails a day. As a result, Ailcen asserts that the
parties came to a mutual agreement that future communications will be made via fax.
According to Ailcen, this agreement continued until December 20, 2020 when counsel for
the Castros, Minakshi Hemlani, began communicating with Ailcen through email. In the email,
Hemlani states that since Ailcen is accepting service by email from the Court she will be serving CVOO$4-19 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 2
him through email moving forward. Ex. 1. Hemlani subsequently served Ailcen with pleadings
by email on December 20, 2020 (Ex. 2), December 23, 2020 (Ex. 3), January 27, 2021 (Ex. 4),
March 1, 2021 (Ex. 6), April 6, 2021 (Ex. 7), April 7, 2021 (Ex. 9), April 11, 2021 (Ex. 11), and
April 15, 2021 (Exs. 12-13).
On April 6, 2021, Hemlani noted in an email that Aiken is receiving electronic service
from the Superior Court and informed Aiken that she will no longer accept service by fax. Ex. 8.
Hemlani also emailed Ailcen on April 7, 2021, thanking him for receipt of her April 6 email and
informed him that he cannot reject email service from other parties when he is accepting email
service from the Court. Ex. 9.
Ailcen also emailed the Castros directly on April 7, 2021, informing them that he has
repeatedly informed them that he will not receive email communication from them and only
authorizes communication via fax. Ex. 14. In the same email Ailcen informed the Catros that if
they continue to contact him by email he will file a Motion or injunction against them and seek
reimbursement. Id.
Ailcen argues that the Castros’ direct communications with the Court and stray comments
to him constitute a violation of legal ethics. Aiken cites no rule supporting this assertion. Aiken
also argues that the Castros may only communicate with him by means with which he consents.
Similarly, Ailcen cites no authority for this assertion. Ailcen claims that the Castros are aware of
the difficulties that he faces with “keeping up with emails” and that the Castros are “exploiting
that area to create a distraction and to harass” him.
Ailcen also argues that, since this is an intentional act by the Castros, he should be
awarded payment for the hours worked on the present motion. He claims to have spent four
hours on April 17, 2021 and four hours on April 18, 2021. Aikens argues for a rate of $250 for CV0084-19 ORDER GRANTiNG PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 3
work done weekday work and $500 for work done on the weekend. Since April 17 fell on a
Sunday, he seeks $2,000. He seeks $1,000 for work done on April 18. Aiken cites no legal
authority for awarding costs or for the rate he seeks.
IL LAW AND DISCUSSION
The Local Rules of the Superior Court of Guam state that in motion practice, “[t]he
motion papers shall be served on each of the parties in accordance with Guam Rule of Civil
Procedure Rule 5.” CVR 7.1(b). Rule 5 states, “[E]very written motion shall ... be served on
each of the parties.” GRCP 5(a). Under Rule 5, service on a party represented by an attorney
should be made on the attorney, unless the court orders service on the party itself. Id. at 5(b)(1).
Adequate service to notify a party of a written motion is described in Rule 5 as:
• handing a copy of the motion to the person; • leaving it at their office with a clerk or someone in charge, or leaving it in a conspicuous place at the office if no one there is in charge; • if the person has no office or the office is closed, leaving it at the person’s dwelling house or usual place of abode with someone of suitable age and discretion residing there; • mailing a copy to the last known address of the person sewed; • leaving a copy with the clerk of the court if the person has no known address; or • delivering a copy by any other means, including electronic means, consented to in writing by the person served. See Id. at 5(b)(2).
Here, Aiken claims that he has not consented to service by email. Since Guam Rule of
Civil Procedure Rule 5 requires that a party consent to service by electronic means in writing, the
Court finds the Castros service by email improper. The Court also finds that the email from
Hemlani stating that Ailcen cannot reject email service from other parties when he is accepting
email service from the Court is a misstatement of Rule 5. If the Castros wish to serve Ailcen by CV0084-19 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 4
email they are required to get his consent in writing, which they have not done. Since Ailcen has
consented in writing to service by facsimile, the Castros may serve him in that manner--as they
did from April 8, 2020 until December, 2020.
The Court notes that the Guam Supreme Court instructed in its Administrative Order No.
ADM2 1-563 that “parties shall continue to serve documents through electronic meals or by
email.” Also, “Courts should ... resolve matters by using available technologies, including
alternative means of filing, teleconferencing, video conferencing (e.g., Zoom), and use of email,
except when it is not practicable to do so or would contravene the protection of constitutional
rights.” Admin. Order No. ADM21-563. Similar measures have been in place since the Guam
Supreme Court began modifying Court operations to address the COVID-19 pandemic on the
island. See, e.g., Admin. Order No. 2020-239 (Mar. 5, 2020). Nonetheless, the Court finds that
Ailcen’s request to be served by facsimile satisfies the Guam Supreme Court’s directive to utilize
“electronic means” and respects Ailcen’s election not to be served by email.
As for Ailcen’s claim for attorney fees, the Court notes that Aiken cites to no legal
authority by which the Court may award him the fees he seeks. The Court also notes that since
Ailcen resides off island and has not provided the Castros an address, he has greatly limited the
available means by which the Castos may serve him. Moreover, Aiken has received service of
all of the motion papers during the period that the Castros have served him by email.
Accordingly, the Court is satisfied that ordering that the Castros be enjoined from continuing to
serve Ailcen by email is a sufficient remedy.
III. CONCLUSION
Finding the Plaintiff Morgan Ailcen III has not consented in writing to service by email,
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FILED SU2IOR CDURT GUAM {3
7rP t9 tti 2 ? c :i c coup IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF GUAM r
MORGAN AIKEN, III, Superior Court Case No. CVOO$4-19
Plaintiff, DECISION AND ORDER RE VS. PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION CATHERINE M.R. CASTRO and EDWARD CASTRO,
Defendants.
The Court here considers Plaintiff Morgan Aiken III’s Motion for Emergency Injunction,
seeking to enjoin Defendants Catherine M.R. Castro and Edward Castro from harassing him by
sending non-consented emails and stray remarks. Additionally, Aiken is requesting that the
Court order the Castros to limit communications to facsimile. The Castros did not file an
opposition to Ailcen’s Motion. Finding that Aiken has not consented to service by email, the
Court GRANTS the Motion.
I. BACKGROUND
Ailcen asserts that at an April 8, 2020 status conference, the Castros denied receipt of
email transmissions from Aiken. Aiken also denied receiving email transmissions from the
Castros, claiming that he receives hundreds of emails a day. As a result, Ailcen asserts that the
parties came to a mutual agreement that future communications will be made via fax.
According to Ailcen, this agreement continued until December 20, 2020 when counsel for
the Castros, Minakshi Hemlani, began communicating with Ailcen through email. In the email,
Hemlani states that since Ailcen is accepting service by email from the Court she will be serving CVOO$4-19 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 2
him through email moving forward. Ex. 1. Hemlani subsequently served Ailcen with pleadings
by email on December 20, 2020 (Ex. 2), December 23, 2020 (Ex. 3), January 27, 2021 (Ex. 4),
March 1, 2021 (Ex. 6), April 6, 2021 (Ex. 7), April 7, 2021 (Ex. 9), April 11, 2021 (Ex. 11), and
April 15, 2021 (Exs. 12-13).
On April 6, 2021, Hemlani noted in an email that Aiken is receiving electronic service
from the Superior Court and informed Aiken that she will no longer accept service by fax. Ex. 8.
Hemlani also emailed Ailcen on April 7, 2021, thanking him for receipt of her April 6 email and
informed him that he cannot reject email service from other parties when he is accepting email
service from the Court. Ex. 9.
Ailcen also emailed the Castros directly on April 7, 2021, informing them that he has
repeatedly informed them that he will not receive email communication from them and only
authorizes communication via fax. Ex. 14. In the same email Ailcen informed the Catros that if
they continue to contact him by email he will file a Motion or injunction against them and seek
reimbursement. Id.
Ailcen argues that the Castros’ direct communications with the Court and stray comments
to him constitute a violation of legal ethics. Aiken cites no rule supporting this assertion. Aiken
also argues that the Castros may only communicate with him by means with which he consents.
Similarly, Ailcen cites no authority for this assertion. Ailcen claims that the Castros are aware of
the difficulties that he faces with “keeping up with emails” and that the Castros are “exploiting
that area to create a distraction and to harass” him.
Ailcen also argues that, since this is an intentional act by the Castros, he should be
awarded payment for the hours worked on the present motion. He claims to have spent four
hours on April 17, 2021 and four hours on April 18, 2021. Aikens argues for a rate of $250 for CV0084-19 ORDER GRANTiNG PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 3
work done weekday work and $500 for work done on the weekend. Since April 17 fell on a
Sunday, he seeks $2,000. He seeks $1,000 for work done on April 18. Aiken cites no legal
authority for awarding costs or for the rate he seeks.
IL LAW AND DISCUSSION
The Local Rules of the Superior Court of Guam state that in motion practice, “[t]he
motion papers shall be served on each of the parties in accordance with Guam Rule of Civil
Procedure Rule 5.” CVR 7.1(b). Rule 5 states, “[E]very written motion shall ... be served on
each of the parties.” GRCP 5(a). Under Rule 5, service on a party represented by an attorney
should be made on the attorney, unless the court orders service on the party itself. Id. at 5(b)(1).
Adequate service to notify a party of a written motion is described in Rule 5 as:
• handing a copy of the motion to the person; • leaving it at their office with a clerk or someone in charge, or leaving it in a conspicuous place at the office if no one there is in charge; • if the person has no office or the office is closed, leaving it at the person’s dwelling house or usual place of abode with someone of suitable age and discretion residing there; • mailing a copy to the last known address of the person sewed; • leaving a copy with the clerk of the court if the person has no known address; or • delivering a copy by any other means, including electronic means, consented to in writing by the person served. See Id. at 5(b)(2).
Here, Aiken claims that he has not consented to service by email. Since Guam Rule of
Civil Procedure Rule 5 requires that a party consent to service by electronic means in writing, the
Court finds the Castros service by email improper. The Court also finds that the email from
Hemlani stating that Ailcen cannot reject email service from other parties when he is accepting
email service from the Court is a misstatement of Rule 5. If the Castros wish to serve Ailcen by CV0084-19 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 4
email they are required to get his consent in writing, which they have not done. Since Ailcen has
consented in writing to service by facsimile, the Castros may serve him in that manner--as they
did from April 8, 2020 until December, 2020.
The Court notes that the Guam Supreme Court instructed in its Administrative Order No.
ADM2 1-563 that “parties shall continue to serve documents through electronic meals or by
email.” Also, “Courts should ... resolve matters by using available technologies, including
alternative means of filing, teleconferencing, video conferencing (e.g., Zoom), and use of email,
except when it is not practicable to do so or would contravene the protection of constitutional
rights.” Admin. Order No. ADM21-563. Similar measures have been in place since the Guam
Supreme Court began modifying Court operations to address the COVID-19 pandemic on the
island. See, e.g., Admin. Order No. 2020-239 (Mar. 5, 2020). Nonetheless, the Court finds that
Ailcen’s request to be served by facsimile satisfies the Guam Supreme Court’s directive to utilize
“electronic means” and respects Ailcen’s election not to be served by email.
As for Ailcen’s claim for attorney fees, the Court notes that Aiken cites to no legal
authority by which the Court may award him the fees he seeks. The Court also notes that since
Ailcen resides off island and has not provided the Castros an address, he has greatly limited the
available means by which the Castos may serve him. Moreover, Aiken has received service of
all of the motion papers during the period that the Castros have served him by email.
Accordingly, the Court is satisfied that ordering that the Castros be enjoined from continuing to
serve Ailcen by email is a sufficient remedy.
III. CONCLUSION
Finding the Plaintiff Morgan Ailcen III has not consented in writing to service by email,
as required by Guam Rule of Civil Procedure Rule 5, the Court GRANTS the motion and enjoins CV0084-19 ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR EMERGENCY INJUNCTION Page 5
Defendants Catherine M.R. Castro and Edward Castro from serving him by email. Since Ailcen
consented in writing to service by facsimile, the Castros may serve him in that manner, or by any
other method permitted under Guam law. Moreover, finding that remedy sufficient, the Court
DENIES Aikens request for the costs associated with filing the present Motion.
SO ORDERED this 19th day of July 2021.
HOrJE’LYZE M. IRIARTE Judge, Superior Court of Guam
Appearing Parties: Morgan Aiken III, pro se Minakshi V. Hemlani, Law Offices of Minakshi V. Hemlani, P.C., for Defendants Catherine M.R. Castro and Edward Castro