Adams v. Ga. Gulf Lake Charles, LLC

249 So. 3d 1066
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 27, 2018
Docket17–723
StatusPublished

This text of 249 So. 3d 1066 (Adams v. Ga. Gulf Lake Charles, LLC) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Adams v. Ga. Gulf Lake Charles, LLC, 249 So. 3d 1066 (La. Ct. App. 2018).

Opinions

PERRET, Judge.

This is a workers' compensation claim for indemnity benefits based on an alleged occupational hearing loss. Georgia Gulf Lake Charles, LLC and its insurer, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company (hereinafter collectively referred to as "Georgia Gulf"), appeal the decision of the workers' compensation judge ("WCJ") awarding Joseph Adams supplemental earnings benefits ("SEB"), penalties, and attorney fees for hearing loss caused by his employment. Mr. Adams answered the appeal seeking additional attorney fees for work done on the appeal. For the following reasons, we amend the judgment to limit Mr. Adams'

*1069SEB payments to 104 weeks, and affirm as amended. Additionally, we render an attorney fee award of $5,000.00 in favor of Mr. Adams and against Georgia Gulf Lake Charles, LLC and Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, jointly, severally and in solido, for work done on this appeal.

FACTS:

Mr. Adams was employed for forty years by Georgia Gulf from February of 1971 until his retirement in January of 2011. While employed at Georgia Gulf's facility, Mr. Adams worked as a Construction Worker, Boilermaker, and Crane Operator. Mr. Adams claims he began to notice some degree of hearing loss in his left ear in the mid-1980s and in his right ear in 1997. Mr. Adams testified that he believes his left ear experienced hearing loss much more than his right ear because he would often remove his left earplug an average of five or six times a day in order to communicate with his co-workers in the plant environment.

In January 2010, Mr. Adams had back surgery. Although Mr. Adams testified that he had planned to work at Georgia Gulf until the age of seventy, he chose to retire in January of 2011, at the age of sixty-five, after being informed by Georgia Gulf that it was retiring him. In his supplemental appellee brief, Mr. Adams concedes that "the record does establish that Mr. Adams has not sought employment since his retirement from Georgia Gulf and that he now considers himself retired."

In December 2011, Mr. Adams filed a tort claim alleging occupational noise-induced hearing loss as a result of his employment with Georgia Gulf. In 2015, the Louisiana Supreme Court held, in Arrant v. Graphic Packaging International, Inc. , 13-2878, 13-2981 (La. 5/5/15), 169 So.3d 296, that occupational noise-induced hearing loss is an occupational disease under the Louisiana Workers' Compensation Act ("LWCA"). Thereafter, on June 12, 2015, Mr. Adams filed the current workers' compensation claim, seeking SEB as a result of his alleged occupational hearing loss.

A bench trial was held on February 7-8, 2017. On May 9, 2017, the WCJ signed a judgment finding that Mr. Adams established entitlement to workers' compensation medical and indemnity benefits due to occupational hearing loss; Mr. Adams is entitled to SEB at the maximum compensation rate of $579 per week from January 1, 2011, with interest; Georgia Gulf shall continue to pay this rate until it either finds or offers a job to Mr. Adams paying at least ninety percent of his average weekly wage; said job must be within the restrictions placed on Mr. Adams by Dr. Donna Breen ("Dr. Breen"); Mr. Adams was entitled to a penalty of $8,000.00 and attorney fees of $25,000.00 for Georgia Gulf's failure to investigate the claim and the arbitrary and capricious handling of the claim; and ordered Georgia Gulf to pay medical benefits as needed by Mr. Adams.

On appeal, Georgia Gulf asserts the following four assignments of error: (1) the WCJ erred in determining that Mr. Adams' claim had not prescribed; (2) the WCJ erred in concluding that Mr. Adams established a causal connection between his hearing loss and employment at Georgia Gulf, and the corresponding entitlement to medical and indemnity benefits; (3) the WCJ erred in determining that Mr. Adams was entitled to SEB; and (4) the WCJ erred in awarding penalties and attorney fees. Mr. Adams answered Georgia Gulf's appeal, seeking additional attorney fees for work done on this appeal.

STANDARD OF REVIEW:

Factual findings in workers' compensation cases are subject to the manifest error or clearly wrong standard of appellate review.

*1070Banks v. Indus. Roofing Sheet Metal Works, Inc ., 96-2840 (La. 7/1/97), 696 So.2d 551. In applying the manifest error-clearly wrong standard, the appellate court must determine not whether the trier of fact was right or wrong, but whether the fact finder's conclusion was a reasonable one. Id. As the Louisiana Supreme Court stated in Stobart v. State, Through Department of Transportation & Development , 617 So.2d 880, 882 (La.1993) (internal citations and quotation marks omitted):

[T]he issue to be resolved by a reviewing court is not whether the trier of fact was right or wrong, but whether the factfinder's conclusion was a reasonable one. Even though an appellate court may feel its own evaluations and inferences are more reasonable than the factfinder's, reasonable evaluations of credibility and reasonable inferences of fact should not be disturbed upon review where conflict exists in the testimony. However, where documents or objective evidence so contradict the witness's story, or the story itself is so internally inconsistent or implausible on its face, that a reasonable factfinder would not credit the witness's story, the court of appeal may find manifest error or clear wrongness even in a finding purportedly based upon a credibility determination. Nonetheless, this Court has emphasized that the reviewing court must always keep in mind that if the trial court or jury's findings are reasonable in light of the record reviewed in its entirety, the court of appeal may not reverse, even if convinced that had it been sitting as the trier of fact, it would have weighed the evidence differently.

DISCUSSION:

Prescription

The first issue to address is whether the WCJ correctly determined that Mr. Adams' workers' compensation claim had not prescribed. Georgia Gulf argues that Mr. Adams was clearly aware that he had occupational hearing loss as early as the 1990s but did not file his tort suit until 2011. Thus, Georgia Gulf alleges that Mr. Adams' workers' compensation claim prescribed because his untimely tort suit cannot toll the prescriptive period.

Conversely, Mr. Adams argues that there are special prescription rules for an occupational illness under La.R.S. 23:1031.1(E), which states that a claim must be filed "within one year of the dates that: (1) [t]he disease manifested itself[,] (2) [t]he employee is disabled from working as a result of the disease[,] [and] (3) [t]he employee knows or has reasonable grounds to believe that the disease is occupationally related." Accordingly, Mr.

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Bluebook (online)
249 So. 3d 1066, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/adams-v-ga-gulf-lake-charles-llc-lactapp-2018.