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Georgia
Georgia Constitution
281 sections across 12 articles.
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§ 1
Preamble
Art.
Preamble
§ I
Life, liberty, and property
Art.
I
§ I
Protection to person and property; equal protection
Art.
I
§ I
Freedom of conscience
Art.
I
§ I
Religious opinions; freedom of religion
Art.
I
§ I
Freedom of speech and of the press guaranteed
Art.
I
§ I
Libel
Art.
I
§ I
Citizens, protection of
Art.
I
§ I
Arms, right to keep and bear
Art.
I
§ I
Right to assemble and petition
Art.
I
§ I
Bill of attainder; ex post facto laws; and retroactive laws
Art.
I
§ I
Right to trial by jury; number of jurors; selection and compensation of jurors
Art.
I
§ I
Right to the courts
Art.
I
§ I
Searches, seizures, and warrants
Art.
I
§ I
Benefit of counsel; accusation; list of witnesses; compulsory process
Art.
I
§ I
Habeas corpus
Art.
I
§ I
Self-incrimination
Art.
I
§ I
Bail; fines; punishment; arrest, abuse of prisoners
Art.
I
§ I
Jeopardy of life or liberty more than once forbidden
Art.
I
§ I
Treason
Art.
I
§ I
Conviction, effect of
Art.
I
§ I
Banishment and whipping as punishment for crime
Art.
I
§ I
Involuntary servitude
Art.
I
§ I
Imprisonment for debt
Art.
I
§ I
Costs
Art.
I
§ I
Status of the citizen
Art.
I
§ I
Exemptions from levy and sale
Art.
I
§ I
Spouse’s separate property
Art.
I
§ I
Fishing and hunting
Art.
I
§ I
Enumeration of rights not denial of others
Art.
I
§ I
Rights of certain individuals
Art.
I
§ II
Origin and foundation of government
Art.
I
§ II
Object of government
Art.
I
§ II
Separation of legislative, judicial, and executive powers
Art.
I
§ II
Contempts
Art.
I
§ II
What acts void
Art.
I
§ II
Superiority of civil authority
Art.
I
§ II
Separation of church and state
Art.
I
§ II
Lotteries and nonprofit bingo games
Art.
I
§ II
Sovereign immunity and waiver thereof; claims against the state and its departments, agencies, officers, and employees
Art.
I
§ III
Eminent domain
Art.
I
§ III
Private ways
Art.
I
§ III
Tidewater titles confirmed
Art.
I
§ IV
Recognition of marriage
Art.
I
§ I
Method of voting
Art.
II
§ I
Right to register and vote
Art.
II
§ I
Exceptions to right to register and vote
Art.
II
§ II
Procedures to be provided by law
Art.
II
§ II
Run-off election
Art.
II
§ II
Persons not eligible to hold office
Art.
II
§ II
Recall of public officials holding elective office
Art.
II
§ II
Vacancies created by elected officials qualifying for other office
Art.
II
§ III
Procedures for and effect of suspending or removing public officials upon felony indictment
Art.
II
§ III
Suspension upon felony conviction
Art.
II
§ I
Power vested in General Assembly
Art.
III
§ II
Senate and House of Representatives
Art.
III
§ II
Apportionment of General Assembly
Art.
III
§ II
Qualifications of members of General Assembly
Art.
III
§ II
Disqualifications
Art.
III
§ II
Election and term of members
Art.
III
§ III
President and President Pro Tempore of the Senate
Art.
III
§ III
Speaker and Speaker Pro Tempore of the House of Representatives
Art.
III
§ III
Other officers of the two houses
Art.
III
§ IV
Meeting, time limit, and adjournment
Art.
III
§ IV
Oath of members
Art.
III
§ IV
Quorum
Art.
III
§ IV
Rules of procedure; employees; interim committees
Art.
III
§ IV
Vacancies
Art.
III
§ IV
Salaries
Art.
III
§ IV
Election and returns; disorderly conduct
Art.
III
§ IV
Contempts, how punished
Art.
III
§ IV
Privilege of members
Art.
III
§ IV
Elections by either house
Art.
III
§ IV
Open meetings
Art.
III
§ V
Journals and laws
Art.
III
§ V
Bills for revenue
Art.
III
§ V
Statutes and sections of Code, how amended
Art.
III
§ V
Majority of members to pass bill
Art.
III
§ V
When roll-call vote taken
Art.
III
§ V
Reading of general bills
Art.
III
§ V
Advertisement of notice to introduce local legislation
Art.
III
§ V
Acts signed
Art.
III
§ V
Signature of Governor
Art.
III
§ V
Rejected bills
Art.
III
§ V
Approval, veto, and override of veto of bills and resolutions
Art.
III
§ V
Jointly sponsored bills and resolutions
Art.
III
§ VI
General powers
Art.
III
§ VI
Specific powers
Art.
III
§ VI
Powers not to be abridged
Art.
III
§ VI
Limitations on special legislation
Art.
III
§ VI
Specific limitations
Art.
III
§ VI
Gratuities
Art.
III
§ VI
Regulation of alcoholic beverages
Art.
III
§ VII
Trial of impeachments
Art.
III
§ VII
Judgments in impeachment
Art.
III
§ VIII
Regulation of insurance
Art.
III
§ VIII
Issuance of licenses
Art.
III
§ IX
Public money, how drawn
Art.
III
§ IX
Preparation, submission, and enactments of general appropriations bill
Art.
III
§ IX
General appropriations bill
Art.
III
§ IX
General appropriations Act
Art.
III
§ IX
Other or supplementary appropriations
Art.
III
§ IX
Appropriations to be for specific sums
Art.
III
§ IX
Appropriations void, when
Art.
III
§ X
Expenditure of public funds authorized
Art.
III
§ X
Increasing benefits authorized
Art.
III
§ X
Retirement systems covering employees of county boards of education
Art.
III
§ X
Firemen’s Pension System
Art.
III
§ X
Funding standards
Art.
III
§ X
Involuntary separation; part-time service
Art.
III
§ I
Public Service Commission
Art.
IV
§ II
State Board of Pardons and Paroles
Art.
IV
§ II
Powers and authority
Art.
IV
§ III
State Personnel Board
Art.
IV
§ III
Veterans preference
Art.
IV
§ IV
State Transportation Board; commissioner
Art.
IV
§ V
Veterans Service Board; commissioner
Art.
IV
§ VI
Board of Natural Resources
Art.
IV
§ VII
Qualifications, compensation, and removal from office
Art.
IV
§ VII
Powers and duties
Art.
IV
§ I
Governor: term of office; compensation and allowances
Art.
V
§ I
Election for Governor
Art.
V
§ I
Lieutenant Governor
Art.
V
§ I
Qualifications of Governor and Lieutenant Governor
Art.
V
§ I
Succession to executive power
Art.
V
§ I
Oath of office
Art.
V
§ II
Executive powers
Art.
V
§ II
Law enforcement
Art.
V
§ II
Commander in chief
Art.
V
§ II
Veto power
Art.
V
§ II
Information and recommendations to the General Assembly
Art.
V
§ II
Special sessions of the General Assembly
Art.
V
§ II
Filling vacancies
Art.
V
§ II
Appointments by Governor
Art.
V
§ II
Information from officers and employees
Art.
V
§ III
Other executive officers, how elected
Art.
V
§ III
Qualifications
Art.
V
§ III
Powers, duties, compensation, and allowances of other executive officers
Art.
V
§ III
Attorney General; duties
Art.
V
§ IV
Procedure for determining disability
Art.
V
§ IV
Effect of determination of disability
Art.
V
§ I
Judicial power of the state
Art.
VI
§ I
Unified judicial system
Art.
VI
§ I
Art.
VI
§ I
Exercise of judicial power
Art.
VI
§ I
Uniformity of jurisdiction, powers, etc
Art.
VI
§ I
Judicial circuits; courts in each county; court sessions
Art.
VI
§ I
Judicial circuits, courts, and judgeships, law changed
Art.
VI
§ I
Transfer of cases
Art.
VI
§ I
Rules of evidence; law prescribed
Art.
VI
§ I
Authorization for pilot projects
Art.
VI
§ II
Divorce cases
Art.
VI
§ II
Land titles
Art.
VI
§ II
Equity cases
Art.
VI
§ II
Suits against joint obligors, copartners, or joint trespassers
Art.
VI
§ II
Suits against maker, endorser, etc
Art.
VI
§ II
All other cases
Art.
VI
§ II
Venue in third-party practice
Art.
VI
§ II
Power to change venue
Art.
VI
§ II
Venue of state-wide business court
Art.
VI
§ III
Jurisdiction of classes of courts of limited jurisdiction
Art.
VI
§ III
Jurisdiction of state-wide business court
Art.
VI
§ IV
Jurisdiction of superior courts
Art.
VI
§ V
Composition of Court of Appeals; Chief Judge
Art.
VI
§ V
Panels as prescribed
Art.
VI
§ V
Jurisdiction of Court of Appeals; decisions binding
Art.
VI
§ V
Certification of question to Supreme Court
Art.
VI
§ V
Equal division of court
Art.
VI
§ VI
Composition of Supreme Court; Chief Justice; Presiding Justice; quorum; substitute judges
Art.
VI
§ VI
Exclusive appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court
Art.
VI
§ VI
General appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court
Art.
VI
§ VI
Jurisdiction over questions of law from state appellate or federal district or appellate courts
Art.
VI
§ VI
Review of cases in Court of Appeals
Art.
VI
§ VI
Decisions of Supreme Court binding
Art.
VI
§ VII
Selection; term of office
Art.
VI
§ VII
Qualifications
Art.
VI
§ VII
Vacancies
Art.
VI
§ VII
Period of service of appointees
Art.
VI
§ VII
Compensation and allowances of judges
Art.
VI
§ VII
Judicial Qualifications Commission; power; composition
Art.
VI
§ VII
Discipline, removal, and involuntary retirement of judges
Art.
VI
§ VII
Due process; review by Supreme Court
Art.
VI
§ VIII
District attorneys; vacancies; qualifications; compensation; duties; immunity
Art.
VI
§ VIII
Discipline, removal, and involuntary retirement of district attorneys
Art.
VI
§ IX
Administration of the judicial system; uniform court rules; advice and consent of councils
Art.
VI
§ IX
Disposition of cases
Art.
VI
§ X
Effect of ratification
Art.
VI
§ X
Continuation of judges
Art.
VI
§ I
Taxation; limitations on grants of tax powers
Art.
VII
§ I
Taxing power limited
Art.
VII
§ I
Uniformity; classification of property; assessment of agricultural land; utilities
Art.
VII
§ II
Unauthorized tax exemptions void
Art.
VII
§ II
Exemptions from taxation of property
Art.
VII
§ II
Exemptions which may be authorized locally
Art.
VII
§ II
Current property tax exemptions preserved
Art.
VII
§ II
Disabled veteran’s homestead exemption
Art.
VII
§ IIA
State grants; adjustment amount
Art.
VII
§ III
Taxation; purposes for which powers may be exercised
Art.
VII
§ III
Revenue to be paid into general fund
Art.
VII
§ III
Grants to counties and municipalities
Art.
VII
§ IV
Purposes for which debt may be incurred
Art.
VII
§ IV
State general obligation debt and guaranteed revenue debt; limitations
Art.
VII
§ IV
State general obligation debt and guaranteed revenue debt; conditions upon issuance; sinking funds and reserve funds
Art.
VII
§ IV
Certain contracts prohibited
Art.
VII
§ IV
Refunding of debt
Art.
VII
§ IV
Faith and credit of state pledged debt may be validated
Art.
VII
§ IV
Georgia State Financing and Investment Commission; duties
Art.
VII
§ IV
State aid forbidden
Art.
VII
§ IV
Construction
Art.
VII
§ IV
Assumption of debts forbidden; exceptions
Art.
VII
§ IV
Section not to unlawfully impair contracts or revive obligations previously voided
Art.
VII
§ IV
Multiyear contracts for energy efficiency or conservation improvement
Art.
VII
§ IV
Multiyear rental agreements
Art.
VII
§ I
Public education; free public education prior to college or postsecondary level; support by taxation
Art.
VIII
§ II
State Board of Education
Art.
VIII
§ III
State School Superintendent
Art.
VIII
§ IV
University System of Georgia; board of regents
Art.
VIII
§ V
School systems continued; consolidation of school systems authorized; new independent school systems prohibited
Art.
VIII
§ V
Boards of education
Art.
VIII
§ V
School superintendents
Art.
VIII
§ V
Art.
VIII
§ V
Power of boards to contract with each other
Art.
VIII
§ V
Power of boards to accept bequests, donations, grants, and transfers
Art.
VIII
§ V
Special schools
Art.
VIII
§ VI
Local taxation for education
Art.
VIII
§ VI
Increasing or removing tax rate
Art.
VIII
§ VI
School tax collection reimbursement
Art.
VIII
§ VI
Sales tax for educational purposes
Art.
VIII
§ VII
Educational assistance programs authorized
Art.
VIII
§ VII
Guaranteed revenue debt
Art.
VIII
§ VII
Public authorities
Art.
VIII
§ VII
Waiver of tuition
Art.
VIII
§ I
Counties a body corporate and politic
Art.
IX
§ I
Number of counties limited; county boundaries and county sites; county consolidation
Art.
IX
§ I
County officers; election; term; compensation
Art.
IX
§ I
Civil service systems
Art.
IX
§ II
Home rule for counties
Art.
IX
§ II
Home rule for municipalities
Art.
IX
§ II
Supplementary powers
Art.
IX
§ II
Planning and zoning
Art.
IX
§ II
Eminent domain
Art.
IX
§ II
Special districts
Art.
IX
§ II
Community redevelopment
Art.
IX
§ II
Limitation on the taxing power and contributions of counties, municipalities, and political subdivisions
Art.
IX
§ II
Immunity of counties, municipalities, and school districts
Art.
IX
§ III
Intergovernmental contracts
Art.
IX
§ III
Local government reorganization
Art.
IX
§ IV
Power of taxation
Art.
IX
§ IV
Power of expenditure
Art.
IX
§ IV
Purposes of taxation; allocation of taxes
Art.
IX
§ IV
Tax allocation; regional facilities
Art.
IX
§ V
Debt limitations of counties, municipalities, and other political subdivisions
Art.
IX
§ V
Special district debt
Art.
IX
§ V
Refunding of outstanding indebtedness
Art.
IX
§ V
Exceptions to debt limitations
Art.
IX
§ V
Temporary loans authorized
Art.
IX
§ V
Levy of taxes to pay bonds; sinking fund required
Art.
IX
§ V
Validity of prior bond issues
Art.
IX
§ VI
Revenue bonds; general limitations
Art.
IX
§ VI
Revenue bonds; special limitations
Art.
IX
§ VI
Development authorities
Art.
IX
§ VI
Validation
Art.
IX
§ VI
Validity of prior revenue bond issues
Art.
IX
§ VII
Creation
Art.
IX
§ VII
Purposes
Art.
IX
§ VII
Administration
Art.
IX
§ VII
Debt
Art.
IX
§ VII
Cooperation with local governments
Art.
IX
§ VII
Regulation by general law
Art.
IX
§ I
Proposals to amend the Constitution; new Constitution
Art.
X
§ I
Proposals by the General Assembly; submission to the people
Art.
X
§ I
Repeal or amendment of proposal
Art.
X
§ I
Constitutional convention; how called
Art.
X
§ I
Veto not permitted
Art.
X
§ I
Effective date of amendments or of a new Constitution
Art.
X
§ I
Continuation of officers, boards, commissions, and authorities
Art.
XI
§ I
Preservation of existing laws; judicial review
Art.
XI
§ I
Proceedings of courts and administrative tribunals confirmed
Art.
XI
§ I
Continuation of certain constitutional amendments for a period of four years
Art.
XI
§ I
Special commission created
Art.
XI
§ I
Effective date
Art.
XI