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FEDERAL · 14 CFR

Part 91 — General Operating and Flight Rules

286 sections · Title 14: Aeronautics and Space

§ 91.1Applicability.
§ 91.3Responsibility and authority of the pilot in command.
§ 91.5Pilot in command of aircraft requiring more than one required pilot.
§ 91.7Civil aircraft airworthiness.
§ 91.9Civil aircraft flight manual, marking, and placard requirements.
§ 91.11Prohibition on interference with crewmembers.
§ 91.13Careless or reckless operation.
§ 91.15Dropping objects.
§ 91.17Alcohol or drugs.
§ 91.19Carriage of narcotic drugs, marihuana, and depressant or stimulant drugs or substances.
§ 91.21Portable electronic devices.
§ 91.23Truth-in-leasing clause requirement in leases and conditional sales contracts.
§ 91.25Aviation Safety Reporting Program: Prohibition against use of reports for enforcement purposes.
§ 91.27-91.99§§ 91.27-91.99 [Reserved]
§ 91.101Applicability.
§ 91.103Preflight action.
§ 91.105Flight crewmembers at stations.
§ 91.107Use of safety belts, shoulder harnesses, and child restraint systems.
§ 91.108Use of supplemental restraint systems.
§ 91.109Flight instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests.
§ 91.111Operating near other aircraft.
§ 91.113Right-of-way rules: Except water operations.
§ 91.115Right-of-way rules: Water operations.
§ 91.117Aircraft speed.
§ 91.119Minimum safe altitudes: General.
§ 91.121Altimeter settings.
§ 91.123Compliance with ATC clearances and instructions.
§ 91.125ATC light signals.
§ 91.126Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace.
§ 91.127Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class E airspace.
§ 91.129Operations in Class D airspace.
§ 91.130Operations in Class C airspace.
§ 91.131Operations in Class B airspace.
§ 91.133Restricted and prohibited areas.
§ 91.135Operations in Class A airspace.
§ 91.137Temporary flight restrictions in the vicinity of disaster/hazard areas.
§ 91.138Temporary flight restrictions in national disaster areas in the State of Hawaii.
§ 91.139Emergency air traffic rules.
§ 91.141Flight restrictions in the proximity of the Presidential and other parties.
§ 91.143Flight limitation in the proximity of space flight operations.
§ 91.144Temporary restriction on flight operations during abnormally high barometric pressure conditions.
§ 91.145Management of aircraft operations in the vicinity of aerial demonstrations and major sporting events.
§ 91.146Passenger-carrying flights for the benefit of a charitable, nonprofit, or community event.
§ 91.147Passenger-carrying flights for compensation or hire.
§ 91.148-91.149§§ 91.148-91.149 [Reserved]
§ 91.151Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions.
§ 91.153VFR flight plan: Information required.
§ 91.155Basic VFR weather minimums.
§ 91.157Special VFR weather minimums.
§ 91.159VFR cruising altitude or flight level.
§ 91.161Special awareness training required for pilots flying under visual flight rules within a 60-nautical mile radius of the Washington, DC VOR/DME.
§ 91.162-91.165§§ 91.162-91.165 [Reserved]
§ 91.167Fuel requirements for flight in IFR conditions.
§ 91.169IFR flight plan: Information required.
§ 91.171VOR equipment check for IFR operations.
§ 91.173ATC clearance and flight plan required.
§ 91.175Takeoff and landing under IFR.
§ 91.176Straight-in landing operations below DA/DH or MDA using an enhanced flight vision system (EFVS) under IFR.
§ 91.177Minimum altitudes for IFR operations.
§ 91.179IFR cruising altitude or flight level.
§ 91.180Operations within airspace designated as Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum airspace.
§ 91.181Course to be flown.
§ 91.183IFR communications.
§ 91.185IFR operations: Two-way radio communications failure.
§ 91.187Operation under IFR in controlled airspace: Malfunction reports.
§ 91.189Category II and III operations: General operating rules.
§ 91.191Category II and Category III manual.
§ 91.193Certificate of authorization for certain Category II operations.
§ 91.195-91.199§§ 91.195-91.199 [Reserved]
§ 91.201§ 91.201 [Reserved]
§ 91.203Civil aircraft: Certifications required.
§ 91.205Powered civil aircraft with standard U.S. airworthiness certificates: Instrument and equipment requirements.
§ 91.207Emergency locator transmitters.
§ 91.209Aircraft lights.
§ 91.211Supplemental oxygen.
§ 91.213Inoperative instruments and equipment.
§ 91.215ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use.
§ 91.217Data correspondence between automatically reported pressure altitude data and the pilot's altitude reference.
§ 91.219Altitude alerting system or device: Turbojet-powered civil airplanes.
§ 91.221Traffic alert and collision avoidance system equipment and use.
§ 91.223Terrain awareness and warning system.
§ 91.225Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Out equipment and use.
§ 91.227Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Out equipment performance requirements.
§ 91.228-91.299§§ 91.228-91.299 [Reserved]
§ 91.301§ 91.301 [Reserved]
§ 91.303Aerobatic flight.
§ 91.305Flight test areas.
§ 91.307Parachutes and parachuting.
§ 91.309Towing: Gliders and unpowered ultralight vehicles.
§ 91.311Towing: Other than under § 91.309.
§ 91.313Restricted category civil aircraft: Operating limitations.
§ 91.315Limited category civil aircraft: Operating limitations.
§ 91.317Provisionally certificated civil aircraft: Operating limitations.
§ 91.319Aircraft having experimental certificates: Operating limitations.
§ 91.321Carriage of candidates in elections.
§ 91.323Increased maximum certificated weights for certain airplanes operated in Alaska.
§ 91.325Primary category aircraft: Operating limitations.
§ 91.326Exception to operating certain aircraft for the purposes of flight training, flightcrew member checking, or flightcrew member testing.
§ 91.327Aircraft issued a special airworthiness certificate in the light-sport category: Operating limitations.
§ 91.328-91.330§§ 91.328-91.330 [Reserved]
§ 91.331xxx
§ 91.332-91.399§§ 91.332-91.399 [Reserved]
§ 91.401Applicability.
§ 91.403General.
§ 91.405Maintenance required.
§ 91.407Operation after maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration.
§ 91.409Inspections.
§ 91.410§ 91.410 [Reserved]
§ 91.411Altimeter system and altitude reporting equipment tests and inspections.
§ 91.413ATC transponder tests and inspections.
§ 91.415Changes to aircraft inspection programs.
§ 91.417Maintenance records.
§ 91.419Transfer of maintenance records.
§ 91.421Rebuilt engine maintenance records.
§ 91.423-91.499§§ 91.423-91.499 [Reserved]
§ 91.501Applicability.
§ 91.503Flying equipment and operating information.
§ 91.505Familiarity with operating limitations and emergency equipment.
§ 91.507Equipment requirements: Over-the-top or night VFR operations.
§ 91.509Survival equipment for overwater operations.
§ 91.511Communication and navigation equipment for overwater operations.
§ 91.513Emergency equipment.
§ 91.515Flight altitude rules.
§ 91.517Passenger information.
§ 91.519Passenger briefing.
§ 91.521Shoulder harness.
§ 91.523Carry-on baggage.
§ 91.525Carriage of cargo.
§ 91.527Operating in icing conditions.
§ 91.529Flight engineer requirements.
§ 91.531Second in command requirements.
§ 91.533Flight attendant requirements.
§ 91.535Stowage of food, beverage, and passenger service equipment during aircraft movement on the surface, takeoff, and landing.
§ 91.536-91.599§§ 91.536-91.599 [Reserved]
§ 91.601Applicability.
§ 91.603Aural speed warning device.
§ 91.605Transport category civil airplane weight limitations.
§ 91.607Emergency exits for airplanes carrying passengers for hire.
§ 91.609Flight data recorders and cockpit voice recorders.
§ 91.611Authorization for ferry flight with one engine inoperative.
§ 91.613Materials for compartment interiors.
§ 91.615-91.699§§ 91.615-91.699 [Reserved]
§ 91.701Applicability.
§ 91.702Persons on board.
§ 91.703Operations of civil aircraft of U.S. registry outside of the United States.
§ 91.705§ 91.705 [Reserved]
§ 91.706Operations within airspace designed as Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum Airspace.
§ 91.707Flights between Mexico or Canada and the United States.
§ 91.709Operations to Cuba.
§ 91.711Special rules for foreign civil aircraft.
§ 91.713Operation of civil aircraft of Cuban registry.
§ 91.715Special flight authorizations for foreign civil aircraft.
§ 91.717-91.799§§ 91.717-91.799 [Reserved]
§ 91.801Applicability: Relation to part 36.
§ 91.803Part 125 operators: Designation of applicable regulations.
§ 91.805Final compliance: Subsonic airplanes.
§ 91.807-91.813§§ 91.807-91.813 [Reserved]
§ 91.815Agricultural and fire fighting airplanes: Noise operating limitations.
§ 91.817Civil aircraft sonic boom.
§ 91.818Special flight authorization to exceed Mach 1.
§ 91.819Civil supersonic airplanes that do not comply with part 36.
§ 91.821Civil supersonic airplanes: Noise limits.
§ 91.823-91.849§§ 91.823-91.849 [Reserved]
§ 91.851Definitions.
§ 91.853Final compliance: Civil subsonic airplanes.
§ 91.855Entry and nonaddition rule.
§ 91.857Stage 2 operations outside of the 48 contiguous United States.
§ 91.858Special flight authorizations for non-revenue Stage 2 operations.
§ 91.859Modification to meet Stage 3, Stage 4, or Stage 5 noise levels.
§ 91.861Base level.
§ 91.863Transfers of Stage 2 airplanes with base level.
§ 91.865Phased compliance for operators with base level.
§ 91.867Phased compliance for new entrants.
§ 91.869Carry-forward compliance.
§ 91.871Waivers from interim compliance requirements.
§ 91.873Waivers from final compliance.
§ 91.875Annual progress reports.
§ 91.877Annual reporting of Hawaiian operations.
§ 91.879-91.880§§ 91.879-91.880 [Reserved]
§ 91.881Final compliance: Civil subsonic jet airplanes weighing 75,000 pounds or less.
§ 91.883Special flight authorizations for jet airplanes weighing 75,000 pounds or less.
§ 91.884-91.899§§ 91.884-91.899 [Reserved]
§ 91.901§ 91.901 [Reserved]
§ 91.903Policy and procedures.
§ 91.905List of rules subject to waivers.
§ 91.907-91.999§§ 91.907-91.999 [Reserved]
§ 91.1001Applicability.
§ 91.1002Compliance date.
§ 91.1003Management contract between owner and program manager.
§ 91.1005Prohibitions and limitations.
§ 91.1007Flights conducted under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter.
§ 91.1009Clarification of operational control.
§ 91.1011Operational control responsibilities and delegation.
§ 91.1013Operational control briefing and acknowledgment.
§ 91.1014Issuing or denying management specifications.
§ 91.1015Management specifications.
§ 91.1017Amending program manager's management specifications.
§ 91.1019Conducting tests and inspections.
§ 91.1021Internal safety reporting and incident/accident response.
§ 91.1023Program operating manual requirements.
§ 91.1025Program operating manual contents.
§ 91.1027Recordkeeping.
§ 91.1029Flight scheduling and locating requirements.
§ 91.1031Pilot in command or second in command: Designation required.
§ 91.1033Operating information required.
§ 91.1035Passenger awareness.
§ 91.1037Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered; Limitations; Destination and alternate airports.
§ 91.1039IFR takeoff, approach and landing minimums.
§ 91.1041Aircraft proving and validation tests.
§ 91.1043§ 91.1043 [Reserved]
§ 91.1045Additional equipment requirements.
§ 91.1047Drug and alcohol misuse education program.
§ 91.1049Personnel.
§ 91.1050Employment of former FAA employees.
§ 91.1053Crewmember experience.
§ 91.1055Pilot operating limitations and pairing requirement.
§ 91.1057Flight, duty and rest time requirements: All crewmembers.
§ 91.1059Flight time limitations and rest requirements: One or two pilot crews.
§ 91.1061Augmented flight crews.
§ 91.1062Duty periods and rest requirements: Flight attendants.
§ 91.1063Testing and training: Applicability and terms used.
§ 91.1065Initial and recurrent pilot testing requirements.
§ 91.1067Initial and recurrent flight attendant crewmember testing requirements.
§ 91.1069Flight crew: Instrument proficiency check requirements.
§ 91.1071Crewmember: Tests and checks, grace provisions, training to accepted standards.
§ 91.1073Training program: General.
§ 91.1075Training program: Special rules.
§ 91.1077Training program and revision: Initial and final approval.
§ 91.1079Training program: Curriculum.
§ 91.1081Crewmember training requirements.
§ 91.1083Crewmember emergency training.
§ 91.1085Hazardous materials recognition training.
§ 91.1087Approval of aircraft simulators and other training devices.
§ 91.1089Qualifications: Check pilots (aircraft) and check pilots (simulator).
§ 91.1091Qualifications: Flight instructors (aircraft) and flight instructors (simulator).
§ 91.1093Initial and transition training and checking: Check pilots (aircraft), check pilots (simulator).
§ 91.1095Initial and transition training and checking: Flight instructors (aircraft), flight instructors (simulator).
§ 91.1097Pilot and flight attendant crewmember training programs.
§ 91.1099Crewmember initial and recurrent training requirements.
§ 91.1101Pilots: Initial, transition, and upgrade ground training.
§ 91.1103Pilots: Initial, transition, upgrade, requalification, and differences flight training.
§ 91.1105Flight attendants: Initial and transition ground training.
§ 91.1107Recurrent training.
§ 91.1109Aircraft maintenance: Inspection program.
§ 91.1111Maintenance training.
§ 91.1113Maintenance recordkeeping.
§ 91.1115Inoperable instruments and equipment.
§ 91.1411Continuous airworthiness maintenance program use by fractional ownership program manager.
§ 91.1413CAMP: Responsibility for airworthiness.
§ 91.1415CAMP: Mechanical reliability reports.
§ 91.1417CAMP: Mechanical interruption summary report.
§ 91.1423CAMP: Maintenance organization.
§ 91.1425CAMP: Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration programs.
§ 91.1427CAMP: Manual requirements.
§ 91.1429CAMP: Required inspection personnel.
§ 91.1431CAMP: Continuing analysis and surveillance.
§ 91.1433CAMP: Maintenance and preventive maintenance training program.
§ 91.1435CAMP: Certificate requirements.
§ 91.1437CAMP: Authority to perform and approve maintenance.
§ 91.1439CAMP: Maintenance recording requirements.
§ 91.1441CAMP: Transfer of maintenance records.
§ 91.1443CAMP: Airworthiness release or aircraft maintenance log entry.
§ 91.1501Purpose and definition.
§ 91.1503§ 91.1503 [Reserved]
§ 91.1505Repairs assessment for pressurized fuselages.
§ 91.1507Fuel tank system inspection program.
§ 91.1603Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 112—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Territory and Airspace of Libya.
§ 91.1605Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 77—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Baghdad Flight Information Region (FIR) (ORBB).
§ 91.1607§ 91.1607 [Reserved]
§ 91.1609Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 114—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Damascus Flight Information Region (FIR) (OSTT).
§ 91.1611Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 115—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in Specified Areas of the Sanaa Flight Information Region (FIR) (OYSC).
§ 91.1613Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 107—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Territory and Airspace of Somalia.
§ 91.1615Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 79—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Pyongyang Flight Information Region (FIR) (ZKKP).
§ 91.1617Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 117—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Tehran Flight Information Region (FIR) (OIIX).
§ 91.1619Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 119—Prohibition Against Certain Flights in the Kabul Flight Information Region (FIR) (OAKX).
§ 91.1701Applicability.
§ 91.1703Compliance and eligibility.
§ 91.1705Required pilot training.
§ 91.1707Training program hours.
§ 91.1709Training program approval.
§ 91.1711Aeronautical experience.
§ 91.1713Instruction, checking, and evaluation.
§ 91.1715Currency requirements and flight review.
§ 91.1717Operating requirements.
§ 91.1719Credit for prior training.
§ 91.1721Incorporation by reference.