Home/CFR/Title 14/Part 25
FEDERAL · 14 CFR

Part 25 — Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes

406 sections · Title 14: Aeronautics and Space

§ 25.1Applicability.
§ 25.2Special retroactive requirements.
§ 25.3Special provisions for ETOPS type design approvals.
§ 25.4Definitions.
§ 25.5Incorporations by reference.
§ 25.21Proof of compliance.
§ 25.23Load distribution limits.
§ 25.25Weight limits.
§ 25.27Center of gravity limits.
§ 25.29Empty weight and corresponding center of gravity.
§ 25.31Removable ballast.
§ 25.33Propeller speed and pitch limits.
§ 25.101General.
§ 25.103Stall speed.
§ 25.105Takeoff.
§ 25.107Takeoff speeds.
§ 25.109Accelerate-stop distance.
§ 25.111Takeoff path.
§ 25.113Takeoff distance and takeoff run.
§ 25.115Takeoff flight path.
§ 25.117Climb: general.
§ 25.119Landing climb: All-engines-operating.
§ 25.121Climb: One-engine-inoperative.
§ 25.123En route flight paths.
§ 25.125Landing.
§ 25.143General.
§ 25.145Longitudinal control.
§ 25.147Directional and lateral control.
§ 25.149Minimum control speed.
§ 25.161Trim.
§ 25.171General.
§ 25.173Static longitudinal stability.
§ 25.175Demonstration of static longitudinal stability.
§ 25.177Static lateral-directional stability.
§ 25.181Dynamic stability.
§ 25.201Stall demonstration.
§ 25.203Stall characteristics.
§ 25.207Stall warning.
§ 25.231Longitudinal stability and control.
§ 25.233Directional stability and control.
§ 25.235Taxiing condition.
§ 25.237Wind velocities.
§ 25.239Spray characteristics, control, and stability on water.
§ 25.251Vibration and buffeting.
§ 25.253High-speed characteristics.
§ 25.255Out-of-trim characteristics.
§ 25.301Loads.
§ 25.302Interaction of systems and structures.
§ 25.303Factor of safety.
§ 25.305Strength and deformation.
§ 25.307Proof of structure.
§ 25.321General.
§ 25.331Symmetric maneuvering conditions.
§ 25.333Flight maneuvering envelope.
§ 25.335Design airspeeds.
§ 25.337Limit maneuvering load factors.
§ 25.341Gust and turbulence loads.
§ 25.343Design fuel and oil loads.
§ 25.345High lift devices.
§ 25.349Rolling conditions.
§ 25.351Yaw maneuver conditions.
§ 25.353Rudder control reversal conditions.
§ 25.361Engine and auxiliary power unit torque.
§ 25.362Engine failure loads.
§ 25.363Side load on engine and auxiliary power unit mounts.
§ 25.365Pressurized compartment loads.
§ 25.367Unsymmetrical loads due to engine failure.
§ 25.371Gyroscopic loads.
§ 25.373Speed control devices.
§ 25.391Control surface loads: General.
§ 25.393Loads parallel to hinge line.
§ 25.395Control system.
§ 25.397Control system loads.
§ 25.399Dual control system.
§ 25.405Secondary control system.
§ 25.407Trim tab effects.
§ 25.409Tabs.
§ 25.415Ground gust conditions.
§ 25.427Unsymmetrical loads.
§ 25.445Auxiliary aerodynamic surfaces.
§ 25.457Wing flaps.
§ 25.459Special devices.
§ 25.471General.
§ 25.473Landing load conditions and assumptions.
§ 25.477Landing gear arrangement.
§ 25.479Level landing conditions.
§ 25.481Tail-down landing conditions.
§ 25.483One-gear landing conditions.
§ 25.485Side load conditions.
§ 25.487Rebound landing condition.
§ 25.489Ground handling conditions.
§ 25.491Taxi, takeoff and landing roll.
§ 25.493Braked roll conditions.
§ 25.495Turning.
§ 25.497Tail-wheel yawing.
§ 25.499Nose-wheel yaw and steering.
§ 25.503Pivoting.
§ 25.507Reversed braking.
§ 25.509Towing loads.
§ 25.511Ground load: unsymmetrical loads on multiple-wheel units.
§ 25.519Jacking and tie-down provisions.
§ 25.521General.
§ 25.523Design weights and center of gravity positions.
§ 25.525Application of loads.
§ 25.527Hull and main float load factors.
§ 25.529Hull and main float landing conditions.
§ 25.531Hull and main float takeoff condition.
§ 25.533Hull and main float bottom pressures.
§ 25.535Auxiliary float loads.
§ 25.537Seawing loads.
§ 25.561General.
§ 25.562Emergency landing dynamic conditions.
§ 25.563Structural ditching provisions.
§ 25.571Damage-tolerance and fatigue evaluation of structure.
§ 25.581Lightning protection.
§ 25.601General.
§ 25.603Materials.
§ 25.605Fabrication methods.
§ 25.607Fasteners.
§ 25.609Protection of structure.
§ 25.611Accessibility provisions.
§ 25.613Material strength properties and material design values.
§ 25.619Special factors.
§ 25.621Casting factors.
§ 25.623Bearing factors.
§ 25.625Fitting factors.
§ 25.629Aeroelastic stability requirements.
§ 25.631Bird strike damage.
§ 25.651Proof of strength.
§ 25.655Installation.
§ 25.657Hinges.
§ 25.671General.
§ 25.672Stability augmentation and automatic and power-operated systems.
§ 25.675Stops.
§ 25.677Trim systems.
§ 25.679Control system gust locks.
§ 25.681Limit load static tests.
§ 25.683Operation tests.
§ 25.685Control system details.
§ 25.689Cable systems.
§ 25.693Joints.
§ 25.697Lift and drag devices, controls.
§ 25.699Lift and drag device indicator.
§ 25.701Flap and slat interconnection.
§ 25.703Takeoff warning system.
§ 25.721General.
§ 25.723Shock absorption tests.
§ 25.725-25.727§§ 25.725-25.727 [Reserved]
§ 25.729Retracting mechanism.
§ 25.731Wheels.
§ 25.733Tires.
§ 25.735Brakes and braking systems.
§ 25.737Skis.
§ 25.751Main float buoyancy.
§ 25.753Main float design.
§ 25.755Hulls.
§ 25.771Pilot compartment.
§ 25.772Pilot compartment doors.
§ 25.773Pilot compartment view.
§ 25.775Windshields and windows.
§ 25.777Cockpit controls.
§ 25.779Motion and effect of cockpit controls.
§ 25.781Cockpit control knob shape.
§ 25.783Fuselage doors.
§ 25.785Seats, berths, safety belts, and harnesses.
§ 25.787Stowage compartments.
§ 25.789Retention of items of mass in passenger and crew compartments and galleys.
§ 25.791Passenger information signs and placards.
§ 25.793Floor surfaces.
§ 25.795Security considerations.
§ 25.801Ditching.
§ 25.803Emergency evacuation.
§ 25.807Emergency exits.
§ 25.809Emergency exit arrangement.
§ 25.810Emergency egress assist means and escape routes.
§ 25.811Emergency exit marking.
§ 25.812Emergency lighting.
§ 25.813Emergency exit access.
§ 25.815Width of aisle.
§ 25.817Maximum number of seats abreast.
§ 25.819Lower deck service compartments (including galleys).
§ 25.820Lavatory doors.
§ 25.831Ventilation.
§ 25.832Cabin ozone concentration.
§ 25.833Combustion heating systems.
§ 25.841Pressurized cabins.
§ 25.843Tests for pressurized cabins.
§ 25.851Fire extinguishers.
§ 25.853Compartment interiors.
§ 25.854Lavatory fire protection.
§ 25.855Cargo or baggage compartments.
§ 25.856Thermal/Acoustic insulation materials.
§ 25.857Cargo compartment classification.
§ 25.858Cargo or baggage compartment smoke or fire detection systems.
§ 25.859Combustion heater fire protection.
§ 25.863Flammable fluid fire protection.
§ 25.865Fire protection of flight controls, engine mounts, and other flight structure.
§ 25.867Fire protection: other components.
§ 25.869Fire protection: systems.
§ 25.871Leveling means.
§ 25.875Reinforcement near propellers.
§ 25.899Electrical bonding and protection against static electricity.
§ 25.901Installation.
§ 25.903Engines.
§ 25.904Automatic takeoff thrust control system (ATTCS).
§ 25.905Propellers.
§ 25.907Propeller vibration and fatigue.
§ 25.925Propeller clearance.
§ 25.929Propeller deicing.
§ 25.933Reversing systems.
§ 25.934Turbojet engine thrust reverser system tests.
§ 25.937Turbopropeller-drag limiting systems.
§ 25.939Turbine engine operating characteristics.
§ 25.941Inlet, engine, and exhaust compatibility.
§ 25.943Negative acceleration.
§ 25.945Thrust or power augmentation system.
§ 25.951General.
§ 25.952Fuel system analysis and test.
§ 25.953Fuel system independence.
§ 25.954Fuel system lightning protection.
§ 25.955Fuel flow.
§ 25.957Flow between interconnected tanks.
§ 25.959Unusable fuel supply.
§ 25.961Fuel system hot weather operation.
§ 25.963Fuel tanks: general.
§ 25.965Fuel tank tests.
§ 25.967Fuel tank installations.
§ 25.969Fuel tank expansion space.
§ 25.971Fuel tank sump.
§ 25.973Fuel tank filler connection.
§ 25.975Fuel tank vents and carburetor vapor vents.
§ 25.977Fuel tank outlet.
§ 25.979Pressure fueling system.
§ 25.981Fuel tank explosion prevention.
§ 25.991Fuel pumps.
§ 25.993Fuel system lines and fittings.
§ 25.994Fuel system components.
§ 25.995Fuel valves.
§ 25.997Fuel strainer or filter.
§ 25.999Fuel system drains.
§ 25.1001Fuel jettisoning system.
§ 25.1011General.
§ 25.1013Oil tanks.
§ 25.1015Oil tank tests.
§ 25.1017Oil lines and fittings.
§ 25.1019Oil strainer or filter.
§ 25.1021Oil system drains.
§ 25.1023Oil radiators.
§ 25.1025Oil valves.
§ 25.1027Propeller feathering system.
§ 25.1041General.
§ 25.1043Cooling tests.
§ 25.1045Cooling test procedures.
§ 25.1091Air induction.
§ 25.1093Induction system icing protection.
§ 25.1101Carburetor air preheater design.
§ 25.1103Induction system ducts and air duct systems.
§ 25.1105Induction system screens.
§ 25.1107Inter-coolers and after-coolers.
§ 25.1121General.
§ 25.1123Exhaust piping.
§ 25.1125Exhaust heat exchangers.
§ 25.1127Exhaust driven turbo-superchargers.
§ 25.1141Powerplant controls: general.
§ 25.1142Auxiliary power unit controls.
§ 25.1143Engine controls.
§ 25.1145Ignition switches.
§ 25.1147Mixture controls.
§ 25.1149Propeller speed and pitch controls.
§ 25.1153Propeller feathering controls.
§ 25.1155Reverse thrust and propeller pitch settings below the flight regime.
§ 25.1157Carburetor air temperature controls.
§ 25.1159Supercharger controls.
§ 25.1161Fuel jettisoning system controls.
§ 25.1163Powerplant accessories.
§ 25.1165Engine ignition systems.
§ 25.1167Accessory gearboxes.
§ 25.1181Designated fire zones; regions included.
§ 25.1182Nacelle areas behind firewalls, and engine pod attaching structures containing flammable fluid lines.
§ 25.1183Flammable fluid-carrying components.
§ 25.1185Flammable fluids.
§ 25.1187Drainage and ventilation of fire zones.
§ 25.1189Shutoff means.
§ 25.1191Firewalls.
§ 25.1192Engine accessory section diaphragm.
§ 25.1193Cowling and nacelle skin.
§ 25.1195Fire extinguishing systems.
§ 25.1197Fire extinguishing agents.
§ 25.1199Extinguishing agent containers.
§ 25.1201Fire extinguishing system materials.
§ 25.1203Fire detector system.
§ 25.1207Compliance.
§ 25.1301Function and installation.
§ 25.1302Installed systems and equipment for use by the flightcrew.
§ 25.1303Flight and navigation instruments.
§ 25.1305Powerplant instruments.
§ 25.1307Miscellaneous equipment.
§ 25.1309Equipment, systems, and installations.
§ 25.1310Power source capacity and distribution.
§ 25.1316Electrical and electronic system lightning protection.
§ 25.1317High-intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection.
§ 25.1321Arrangement and visibility.
§ 25.1322Flightcrew alerting.
§ 25.1323Airspeed indicating system.
§ 25.1324Angle of attack system.
§ 25.1325Static pressure systems.
§ 25.1326Pitot heat indication systems.
§ 25.1327Magnetic direction indicator.
§ 25.1329Flight guidance system.
§ 25.1331Instruments using a power supply.
§ 25.1333Instrument systems.
§ 25.1337Powerplant instruments.
§ 25.1351General.
§ 25.1353Electrical equipment and installations.
§ 25.1355Distribution system.
§ 25.1357Circuit protective devices.
§ 25.1360Precautions against injury.
§ 25.1362Electrical supplies for emergency conditions.
§ 25.1363Electrical system tests.
§ 25.1365Electrical appliances, motors, and transformers.
§ 25.1381Instrument lights.
§ 25.1383Landing lights.
§ 25.1385Position light system installation.
§ 25.1387Position light system dihedral angles.
§ 25.1389Position light distribution and intensities.
§ 25.1391Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights.
§ 25.1393Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights.
§ 25.1395Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights.
§ 25.1397Color specifications.
§ 25.1399Riding light.
§ 25.1401Anticollision light system.
§ 25.1403Wing icing detection lights.
§ 25.1411General.
§ 25.1415Ditching equipment.
§ 25.1419Ice protection.
§ 25.1420Supercooled large drop icing conditions.
§ 25.1421Megaphones.
§ 25.1423Public address system.
§ 25.1431Electronic equipment.
§ 25.1433Vacuum systems.
§ 25.1435Hydraulic systems.
§ 25.1438Pressurization and pneumatic systems.
§ 25.1439Protective breathing equipment.
§ 25.1441Oxygen equipment and supply.
§ 25.1443Minimum mass flow of supplemental oxygen.
§ 25.1445Equipment standards for the oxygen distributing system.
§ 25.1447Equipment standards for oxygen dispensing units.
§ 25.1449Means for determining use of oxygen.
§ 25.1450Chemical oxygen generators.
§ 25.1453Protection of oxygen equipment from rupture.
§ 25.1455Draining of fluids subject to freezing.
§ 25.1457Cockpit voice recorders.
§ 25.1459Flight data recorders.
§ 25.1461Equipment containing high energy rotors.
§ 25.1501General.
§ 25.1503Airspeed limitations: general.
§ 25.1505Maximum operating limit speed.
§ 25.1507Maneuvering speed.
§ 25.1511Flap extended speed.
§ 25.1513Minimum control speed.
§ 25.1515Landing gear speeds.
§ 25.1516Other speed limitations.
§ 25.1517Rough air speed, V<sub>RA.</sub>
§ 25.1519Weight, center of gravity, and weight distribution.
§ 25.1521Powerplant limitations.
§ 25.1522Auxiliary power unit limitations.
§ 25.1523Minimum flight crew.
§ 25.1525Kinds of operation.
§ 25.1527Ambient air temperature and operating altitude.
§ 25.1529Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.
§ 25.1531Maneuvering flight load factors.
§ 25.1533Additional operating limitations.
§ 25.1535ETOPS approval.
§ 25.1541General.
§ 25.1543Instrument markings: general.
§ 25.1545Airspeed limitation information.
§ 25.1547Magnetic direction indicator.
§ 25.1549Powerplant and auxiliary power unit instruments.
§ 25.1551Oil quantity indication.
§ 25.1553Fuel quantity indicator.
§ 25.1555Control markings.
§ 25.1557Miscellaneous markings and placards.
§ 25.1561Safety equipment.
§ 25.1563Airspeed placard.
§ 25.1581General.
§ 25.1583Operating limitations.
§ 25.1585Operating procedures.
§ 25.1587Performance information.
§ 25.1701Definition.
§ 25.1703Function and installation: EWIS.
§ 25.1705Systems and functions: EWIS.
§ 25.1707System separation: EWIS.
§ 25.1709System safety: EWIS.
§ 25.1711Component identification: EWIS.
§ 25.1713Fire protection: EWIS.
§ 25.1715Electrical bonding and protection against static electricity: EWIS.
§ 25.1717Circuit protective devices: EWIS.
§ 25.1719Accessibility provisions: EWIS.
§ 25.1721Protection of EWIS.
§ 25.1723Flammable fluid fire protection: EWIS.
§ 25.1725Powerplants: EWIS.
§ 25.1727Flammable fluid shutoff means: EWIS.
§ 25.1729Instructions for Continued Airworthiness: EWIS.
§ 25.1731Powerplant and APU fire detector system: EWIS.
§ 25.1733Fire detector systems, general: EWIS.
§ 25.1801SFAR No. 111—Lavatory Oxygen Systems.